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Subsection
Scotus in English & on his Thought
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Order of
English 5
Latin 8+
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In English
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Order of
de la Mare
Andreas
Meyronnes
Mastrius
Krisper
Wolter
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1200’s
de la Mare, William – Correction of Brother Thomas tr. Peter L.P. Simpson (1278) 175 pp.
de la Mare (fl. 1272–1279) was an English Franciscan theologian.
Simpson: “The Correctorium was itself subjected to a corrective by Thomists, notably the English Dominicans Richard Knapwell and Thomas Sutton and the French Dominican John of Paris, who entitled their response Correctorium corruptorii fratris Thomae (“Corrective of the Corruptive of Brother Thomas”). William’s Correctorium was approved for the entire Franciscan order in 1282, when the Franciscan Chapter forbade the study of Aquinas unless accompanied by William’s Correctorium. Duns Scotus must therefore have first met Thomas’ thought through William’s work.
As the Thomistic response to William (not translated here) makes clear, and as is evident, William sometimes misunderstands Thomas. Sometimes his argument fails in itself. Sometimes indeed he makes a good point but a point to which there are Thomistic answers. The Thomistic answers do work, as far as one can tell, but not always in such a way as to rule out William’s alternative, or not always in such a way as to show that Thomas’ answer is better or that there is not an interesting puzzle deserving of further and different thought – of the kind indeed that Scotus himself afterwards pursued. At all events William presents an intriguing set of non-Thomistic opinions.”
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1300’s
Andreas, Antonius – A Summa of Scotus’ Theology or Questions on the Four Books of Peter Lombard’s Sentences tr. Peter Simpson (d. 1320) 105 pp.
Simpson: “Antonius Andreas (born c. 1280, Tauste, Aragon, died 1320) was a Spanish Franciscan theologian, a pupil of Duns Scotus. He was nicknamed Doctor Dulcifluus, or Doctor Scotellus (applied as well to Peter of Aquila).
His Questions on the Four Books of Peter Lombard’s Sentences are so faithful to the thought of Scotus and so closely follow Scotus’ own commentaries on the Sentences [of Lombard], while at the same time being so much briefer and more immediately accessible, that the questions constitute a sort of Summa of Scotus’ theology…
Scotus’ thought is otherwise and ordinarily so hard to track or comprehend. Even Jerome of Montefortino’s Summa, which is basically a re-ordering and re-arranging of Scotus’ own writings, remains hard going.
Of course Andreas, like Jerome, was not using critical editions of Scotus or distinguishing texts from different periods of Scotus’ career (though Andreas must have been personally acquainted with some at least of Scotus’ theological development). But no matter. The Subtle Doctor’s theology, just as such and without the scholars’ qualifications and updatings, deserves to be much more widely known and so needs to be made available in easier forms. Not everyone has to be a scholar or familiar with the scholars’ findings to attain a basic and salutary grasp of Scotism.”
Francis of Meyronnes – ‘On the Univocity of Being’ 25 pp.
Simpson: “Meyronnes (Franciscus de Mayronis) (c. 1280–1328) was a Franciscan Friar and studied philosophy and theology (c. 1304-1307) at the University of Paris under John Duns Scotus, of whom he was a distinguished pupil. He acquired a great reputation for ability in discussion at the Sorbonne, and was known as the Doctor Illuminatus Enlightened teacher, as Magister Acutus or Doctor acutus, and as Magister abstractionum Master of abstractions. His treatise on the univocity of being (abstracted, as it appears, from his Commentary on the Sentences) is a fascinating defense of this controversial Scotistic thesis.”
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1600’s
Mastrius, Bartolomeo – Disputation 1 tr. by AI by OmegaPoint99 225 pp. of bk. 3, Of the Incarnation of the Lord (d. 1673)
Mastrius (1602–1673) was an Italian Conventual Franciscan philosopher and theologian. He was deeply versed in the writings of Duns Scotus, and defended his teachings.
quest. 1, ‘Whether the incarnation of the divine Word was possible’ 1
art. 1, The possibility is shown on the part of the assuming Word 2
art. 2, The possibility is shown form the nature assumed 11
art. 3, The possibility of the incarnation is shown from the perspective of the hypostatic union 18
quest. 2, ‘On the nature of the hypostatic union’ 24
art. 1, Where some difficulties concerning this union are examined 27
art. 2, Other difficulties resolved 35
quest. 3, ‘On subsistence. Whether subsistence as something positive added to nature implies something positive or negative, and what that is’ 42
art. 1, The opinion about the negative is against established 43
art. 2, Objections are solved, and Gavatius’s replies in favor of the positive opinion
art. 3, What they adduce from councils and fathers for the view about the positive is examined by Arriaga, Amicus and others
art. 4, The doubt is resolved, whether a created suppositum can sustain an alien nature 83
art. 5, The doubt is resolved, whether if the same divine person were to assum several humanities, it would be called on or several men 95
quest. 4, ‘Whether in fact the Word immediately assumed the essential parts of human nature’ 103
art. 1, What must be said about the essential parts 104
art. 2, An incidental doubt, whether the unitive action of humanity is also productive of it, where its term is discussed 112
quest. 5, ‘Whether the word immediately assumed all the integral parts of the human body, even the blood and other humors’ 119
art. 1, Resolution of the question 120
art. 2, Objections are solved 131
quest. 6, ‘Whether the human nature in Christ has its own existence, or rather exists by the existence of the Word’
art. 1, Resolution of the question 141
art. 2, The foundations of the opposing opinion are overthrown 152
quest. 7, ‘Whether any nature could be immediately assumed by the Word’
art. 1, What is to be said about irrational or insensible nature 158
art. 2, What should be said about accidental form 171
quest. 8, ‘Whether multiple persons can simultaneously assume the same numerical nature, or one person multiple natures’ 179
art. 1, One person can assume multiple natures, but multiple persons cannot assume the same nature 179
art. 2, Other arguments of the Doctor are put forth for the same conclusion 192
art. 3, The foundations of the opposing opinion are destroyed 200
quest. 9, ‘Whether the divine nature could have immediately assumed humanity’ 207
art. 1, In what sense an absolute subsistence of the divine essence besides the three relative personal ones should be granted in divine things 209
art. 2, In what sense it must be conceded that the divine nature could immediately assume humanity 219-25
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1700’s
Krisper, Crescentius – The Whole of Metaphysics, based on Aristotle’s Metaphysics Books 211 pp. tr. by AI by OmegPoint99 in The Theology of the Scotist School (1728)
Krisper (c.1679-1749) was a German Franciscan.
Intro 1: On the Nature & Object of Metaphysics 1
Intro 2: On the Adequate Object of Metaphysics 14
Distinction 1, On the Nature of Being 20
1. Does real being express a single concept, both formal and
objective? 20
2. Is the concept of being just as unified with respect to God and creatures as it is with respect to substance and accident? 31
3. Does the concept of being perfectly prescind from all its inferiors? 38
4. Is the concept of being rigorously distinct from all of its inferiors, namely God, creature, substance, and accident, by the nature of things? 46
5. Is a being formally and adequately included in its immediate
contractions? 57
6. Is being contracted to its inferiors through differences or intrinsic modes? 68
7. Is the concept of being truly univocal with respect to God and
creatures, substance and accident? 73
Distinction 2, On the Essence & Existence of Finite Being 80
1. In what do the essences of finite beings consist as distinct from existence? 83
2. How is existence distinguished from essence? 90
3. Is the possibility of creatures the very omnipotence of God? 102
4. From eternity, is the first diminished being of creatures something truly real and actual, or something in between real and logical, or something solely logical? 110
Distinction 3, On the Divisions of Real Being 126
1. How is real being well and primarily divided? 126
Distinction 4, On the Properties & Attributes of Being in General & Particular 131
1. Whether & how many simple positive properties does real being have? 126
2. In what does the first property of being, namely unity, consist? 136
3. What does the second property of being, namely truth, consist of? 140
4. What does the third property of being [ens], namely goodness, consist of? 142
5. What are the complex, or disjunctive properties of being [ens] in particular, namely to be in potency, or act, necessary, or contingent, the same, or distinct? 146
Distinction 5. On Subsistence, or the Supposite of Being 148
1. What is the formal effect of subsistence: or what is subsistence, or supposite in respect to being? 148
2. Does subsistence consist of something positive or negative? 155
Distinction 6. On the Inherence of Accidental Being 182
1. Whether the same accident can, at least supernaturally, inhere in multiple subjects or multiple accidents can inhere in the same subject 189
2. Whether a spiritual accident can be subjected in a corporeal
subject, and a corporeal one in an incorporeal subject? 196
Distinction 7, On immaterial beings, namely Angels & Intelligences 196
1. Are Angels incorporeal or composite? 196
2. Are Angels or other spiritual substances in place through their operation? 199
Distinction 8, On the First Being, namely God 202
1. Whether it can be demonstrated naturally that God
exists? 202-211
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1900’s
Wolter, Allan B. – Little Summary of Metaphysics (Milwaukee: Bruce Publishing Co., 1958)
Allan B. Wolter (1913-2006) was an American, Franciscan, John Duns Scotus (d. 1308) scholar and professor of philosophy.
This is a medium level, short book on the topic, and is very good for the purpose.
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In Latin
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Order of
Andreas
Meyronnes
Wodeham
Peter of Aquila
Stetzing
Vorillon
Herrera
Mastrius
Brancati di Lauria
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1300’s
Andreas, Antonius – A Long Work Most Absolute on the Four Books of Sentences (d. 1320; Venice: Damian Zenarum, 1578) 180 fol. ToC Index
Andreas (c.1280-1320) was a Spanish Franciscan theologian and a pupil of Duns Scotus. He was teaching at the University of Lleida (Spain) in 1315 and was nicknamed Doctor Dulcifluus or Doctor Scotellus (which was applied as well to Peter of Aquila).
Francis of Meyronnes – An Illuminated Writing on the Four Books of Sentences (d. 1328; 1520) Index 1, 2, 3
Francis (c. 1280–1328) was a French scholastic philosopher. He was a distinguished pupil of Duns Scotus, whose teaching he usually followed. He acquired a great reputation for ability in discussion at the Sorbonne, and was known as the Doctor Illuminatus, ‘Enlightened teacher’, as Magister Acutus or Doctor Acutus, and as Magister Abstractionum, ‘Master of abstractions’.
Adam Wodeham
The Second Lecture (bk. 1, dist. 1-26) Selection
eds. Gal, Gedeon & Rega Wood – Lectura secunda in librum primum sententiarum, vols. 1 (Prologue & Dist. 1), 2 (Dist. 2-7), 3 (Dist. 8-26) (NY: St. Bonaventure, 1990)
On the Four Books of the Sentences ed. John Major (1512) Selections
Wodeham (1298–1358) was a philosopher and theologian. Currently, Wodeham is best known for having been a secretary of William Ockham and for his interpretations of John Duns Scotus.
Peter of Aquila – Commentaries on the Four Books of the Sentences of Master Peter Lombard, vol. 1 (bk. 1), 2 (bk. 2), 3 (bk. 3), 4 (bk. 4) ed. Cypriano Paolini (Levant, 1907–09) ToC 1, 2, 3, 4
Peter (d. 1361) was an Italian Friar Minor, theologian and bishop. He was an able interpreter of John Duns Scotus, and was called Doctor Sufficiens. His chief works are commentaries on the four books of Sentences, which being a compendium of the doctrine of Scotus were called Scotellum, whence the author’s surname “Scotellus”.
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1400’s
Stetzing, Kilian – Commentary on the 3rd & 4th Books of the Sentences of Peter Lombard (1435, manuscipt)
Stetzing (c. 1400 – post-1435) was a Franciscan theologian. His work reflects a comprehensive education, is strongly influenced by Johannes Duns Scotus in terms of the history of ideas, like the entire Erfurt School. In addition, thoughts of St. Bonaventure on the vita contemplativa flowed in. Everything is supported by a strong, sometimes childlike piety. His clear style and clear presentation make him appear to be an important teacher of Erfurt studies.
William of Vorillon
A Compendium of the Four Books of the Sentences (Paris, 1448; Basel, 1510) 1000 pp. Indices: Questions, Distinctions, Sentences
William (c. 1390-1463) was a French philosopher and theologian. He wrote a biography of Duns Scotus.
Brady, Ignatius C. – “The ‘Declaratio seu Retractatio’ of William of Vaurouillon” in Archivum Franciscanum Historicum 58, pp. 394-416
There are 17 amendments of book 1, 11 of book 2, 6 of book 3 and 5 of book 4.
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1600’s
Francisco of Herrera – A Manual of Theology & Most Resolving Explanation of the Principal Questions which are commonly disputed in the four books of sentences, with the principal, fundamental opinions of the most subtle doctor Duns Scotus and the angelic doctor Thomas… (Rome, 1607) 247 pp. ToC
Francisco (1576–1656) was a distinguished Spanish painter, born in Seville. He was the founder of the Seville school.
Mastrius, Bartolomeo – Disputations on the Four Books of Sentences… the Scotist Theology being Vindicated, bk. 1, 2, 3, 4 new ed. (d. 1673; Venice, 1731) ToC 1, 2, 3, 4 Index 1, 2, 3, 4
Mastrius (1602–1673) was an Italian Conventual Franciscan philosopher and theologian. He was deeply versed in the writings of Duns Scotus.
Brancati di Lauria, Francesco Lorenzo – Commentaries on the Sentences of Master John Duns Scotus (Rome: Corbellett, 1653-1682)
bk. 3
pt. 1 Incarnation ToC Syllabus of Notable Things
pt. 2 Faith & its Propagation
pt. 3
bk. 4
pt. 1 Baptism & Eucharist
pt. 2
pt. 3
pt. 4 Last Things
Brancati (1612-1693) was an Italian cardinal and theologian.
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