.
Order of Contents
Reformed Commendations 15
In English 7
Life 2
On his Thought 10+
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Reformed Commendations on Reading Parts of Suarez & Positive Citations of Him
Order of
Commendations
. Quotes 8
. Latin 1
Positive Citations 6
Commendations
Quotes
Order of
Rutherford
Voet
.
1600’s
Samuel Rutherford
A Peaceable & Temperate Plea… (London: 1644), ch. 8, sect. 8, ‘Of Election of Officers’, pp. 186-87
“5th Distinction: The substance and essence of ordination (as we shall after hear) consists in the appointing of such for the holy ministery by persons in office. All the corrupt rites added to this by Papists take not away the essence and nature of ordination…
See that variations may be in a sacrament, and yet such as make not the sacrament invalid, in Sotus, Suarez (in 3rd part, disp. 2, sect 5), Vasquez, Joannes de Lugo, Scotus.”
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Gisbert Voet
Select Theological Disputations, vol. 1, pt. 2 tr. by AI by Onku (Utrecht: Johannes a Waesberg, 1648) Latin
‘First Part of the Appendix on the Adoration of Christ as Mediator’, p. 95
“In the question concerning the right of God, a distinction is adduced through τὸ ‘as Lord’, and ‘as judge’. See [Hugo] Grotius, On Satisfaction, pp. 42-43, 8 vo edition, and Joh. Junius in the refutation of the lectures of [Faustus] Socinus, ch. 16, pp. 563-64. Thus Suarez On Laws, bk. 2, ch. 6, through the distinction of God as legislator and as Lord, explains the right of dispensing in the natural law.”
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‘Concerning Creation’, p. 110
“8. The mode of creation is explained by us with these adjuncts…
3. It is not formally the divine volition, nor the relation of Creator to creature, but it is God Himself creating, denominated by way of principle from Himself and active outside Himself. See Thomas with his own ST, pt. 1, q. 45, articles 2 and 3.
But [the act of] creation passively taken is something in the created thing, not really as [yet] having its own entity, but distinguished from it ex natura rei [from the nature of the thing] as its mode. See Suárez, Metaphysical Disputations, disp. 20, sect. 5, and Thomas in the Disputed Questions on Creation, art. 3.”
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‘Concerning Creation’, pt. 3, p. 152
“7. [Question:] Whether form is [1] something accidental, and [2] whether the whole essence of a thing, and consequently the only essential part of a composite? We deny both, with all the sounder philosophers. See Suárez, the Coimbrans, Ruvio;”
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‘On Creation’, p. 9
p. 273
“But we respond: First, by all the reasons by which the philosophers prove that all matter in general, even of an animal, constitutes the essence of a thing and not only the form; also that from matter and form one thing per se comes to be. See Suárez, Ruvius, the Coimbrans, the Disputation on Matter and Form.”
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p. 280
“…nevertheless we think it must be held that there is only one soul in each man – both on account of the philosophical reasons adduced by the common consent of theologians and philosophers, specifically by the scholastics on Thomas’s first part [of the Summa], question 76, article 3, and Summa contra Gentiles, book 2, chapter 58, by the more recent Coimbrans cited above, Ruvius on the second book of On the Soul, questions 5-7, to whom can be added Suárez, Metaphysical Disputations, 13, section 3 and [disp.] 16, section 10, where he disputes that of one thing there is given only one form, and Eustachius a Sancto Paulo in his Summa Philosophiae, p. 173.
From our theologians, Zanchi, bk. 2, chapter 3, does the same extensively and solidly. And Polanus compendiously in his Syntagma, book 5, chapter 32.”
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‘On Creation’, pt. 8, ‘On the Natures of Things & Substantial Forms’, pp. 372-73
“3. The reasons which are usually brought forward by the assertors of forms [of things] must first be thoroughly known, then clearly and solidly solved. To this end some one of the more recent physical or metaphysical disputators should be read accurately by the juniors, such as [Francis] Suarez, [Benedict] Pererius, [Jacob] Revius, [Francisco de] Toledo, the [Jesuit] Conimbricenses, the [Spanish] Complutenses [at Alcala], [Rodrigo de] Arriaga, [Francisco de] Mendoza, etc.
…
Furthermore on the difficulties and manifold disquisition of the philosophers, so that they may explain the mode of origin of forms, consult besides Basson, bk. 3, loc. cit., especially Sennert, Hypomnem. physicor. 1. ch. 3; Suarez, Metaphysical Disputations, 15.”
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‘On the Celestial Hierarchy & Guardian Angels’, p. 377
“Many things are usually inquired about angels in general, and about the good ones in particular, by the common writers of theses and common places. We now postponing them (because other things are more urgent) will only ventilate two questions for the present about hierarchies and guardian angels. He who desires the rest, let him go to the writers of common places, and Suarez, bk. 8, On Angels, and the rest of the scholastics on Thomas, [Summa,] pt. 1, but to be read with judgment;”
Latin Book
1600’s
Revius, Jacobus – Suarez Repurged, or a Syllabus of the Metaphysical Disputations of Francis Suarez, a Theologian of the Society of Jesus, with the Notes of Jacob Revius… (Leiden: 1644) 1,127 pp. no ToC Index
Revius (1586-1658) was a reformed, professor of philosophy at Leiden who was anti-Cartesian.
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Dedicatory Epistle
Introduction 1
Tome 1
1. Nature of First Philosophy, or of Metaphysics 5
1. The Object of Metaphysics 4
2. Texts 13-15 7
3. Whether Metaphysics is Only One Science 8
. Metaphysics is able to be Defined 9
4. How many are the offices of this science, what are its ends, its utility; where is of its causes. 12
5. Whether metaphysics is perfectly a speculative science, or rather a wisdom 13
6. Whether out of all the sciences, metaphysics is the most grasped for by man by the natural appetite 18
2. Essential Reason or Concept of Being 21
3. Passions of being in common, & its principles 38
4. Transcendental unity in common 48
5. Individual unity & its principle 67
6. Formal & universal unity 75
7. General varieties of distinctions 98
8. Verity, or truth, that it is a passion of being 109
9. Falsity, or an untruth 123
10. Good, or of transendental goodness 129
11. Evil 140
1. Whether evil may be something in things, & how many kinds there may be? 140
2. How many kinds of evil may there be? 143
3. Where & from where may evil be, or what causes it may have? 147
. What is the end of evil? 148
. What is the subjective cause of evil? 150
. Whether a formal cause may be given to evil? 150
. As far as the efficient [cause] of evil 151
. In what way evil may be from the First Cause 154
4. Why evil is not numbered among the attributes of being 155
12. Cause of being in common 156
13. Material cause of substance 170
14. Material cause of accidents 195
15. Formal substantial cause 204
16. Formal accidental cause 230
17. Efficient cause in common 235
18. Proximate efficient cause 242
19. Causes, necessary & free, or of contingent agents, where is of even fate, fortune & chance 262
20. First efficient cause & its first action, which is creation 317
21. First efficient cause, & its other action, which is conservation 339
22. First cause, & another of its actions, which is cooperation, or concursus with secondary causes 345
23. Final cause in common 428
24. Ultimate final cause, or the ultimate end 444
25. Exemplary cause 447
26. Comparison of causes to their effects 482
27. Comparison of causes amongst themselves 496
Tome 2
28. Divisions of being 502
29. God, First Being & uncreated substance, insofar as He is able to be known to a rational nature 517
30. First Being, so far as what and what kind it is, is able to be known to a rational nature 533
[Lots of subdivisions]
31. Essence of finite being, as it is such, and of that being and the distinction of them 687
32. Division of created being into substance and accident 709
33. Created substance in common 714
34. First substance, or of the supposit, and the distinction of it from nature 18
35. Created immaterial substance 766
36. Whether angels impart force when they move 818
[sic] 36. Material substance in common 819
37. Essential rule of an accident in common 823
38. Comparison of an accident to substance 833
39. Division of accident into nine highest genera 834
40. Continuous quantity 843
41. Discrete quantity and coordination of the predicament quantity, and its properties 896
42. Quality and its species in common 905
43. Potency and act 919
44. Habits 925
45. Contrariety of qualities 967
46. Intensification of qualities 974
47. Real relation in common 982
…
Positive Citations
Quotes
Order of
Ames
Rutherford
Gillespie
Voet
Cheynell
Mastricht
.
1600’s
William Ames
Medulla theologica (Amsterdam: Janson, 1634), bk. 1, ch. 2, ‘On the Distribution of Theology’, section 6, pp. 4-5 trans. Charles Johnson This section has been omitted from most English translations (e.g. London, 1642).
“From the remains of these two parts [faith and observance], two theologies sprang forth among some philosophers: metaphysics, and ethics. For metaphysics is the faith of the Aristotelians, and ethics is their observance. Hence, both these disciplines present that which teaches the supreme good of man. This is known to all concerning ethics.
Moreover, concerning metaphysics, which they also call ‘theology,’ this is what Suarez says, Disp. 1, Sect. 5, #43:
‘The blessedness of man consists in the most perfect act of metaphysics. It contemplates the supreme good and the last end of man simpliciter. Divine contemplation belongs to this science formally, or elicitively.’
Therefore, when theology is rightly taught in these parts, their metaphysics and ethics disappears without hesitation, after brilliantly testifying to its distribution.”
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Samuel Rutherford
Lex Rex… (London: Field, 1644), Question 2, ‘Whether or not government be warranted by the Law of nature’, p. 2
“As domestic society is by nature’s instinct, so is civil society natural, in radice, ‘in the root’, and voluntary, in modo, ‘in the manner’ of coalescing. Politic power of government agrees not to man, singly, as one man, except in that root of reasonable nature; but supposing that men be combined in societies, or that one family cannot contain a society, it is natural that they join in a civil society, though the manner of union in a politic body, as Bodine says, be voluntary, Gen. 10:10; 15:7 and Suarez says (tome 1, On Laws, bk. 3, ch. 3), That a power of making laws is given by God as a property flowing from nature, Qui dat formam, dat consequentia ad formam, Not by any special action or grant different from creation; nor will he have it to result from nature while men be united into one politic body: which union being made, that power follows without any new action of the will.”
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A Peaceable & Temperate Plea… (London: 1644)
ch. 1, p. 8
“…as David, without immediate revelation from Heaven to direct him, by only the Law of nature, did eat showbread [Mt. 12]; so is the case here, so answer the casuists and the schoolmen, that a positive law may yield in case of necessity, to the good of the Church; so Thomas, Molina, Suarez (On Laws, bk. 2, ch. 15), Vasquez, Vigverius, Sotus, Scotus, Altisiodorensis, Durand, Gabriel…”
.
ch. 2, p. 27
“The Fathers, as Augustine, Chrysostom, Ambrose, Jerome; the Schoolmen, as Aquinas, D. Bannez, Suarez (On Faith, Hope & Love, ch. 8, de con.), say, correcting of our brother is (sublevatio miseriae peccantis) ‘a succouring of the misery of a sinner’.”
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George Gillespie
A Sermon preached before the Honourable House of Commons at their late solemn fast, Wednesday, March 27, 1644 (London: Bostock, 1644)
“Schoolmen say that a law, properly so called, is both illuminative and impulsive: illuminative, to inform and direct the judgement; impulsive, to move and apply the will to action. (Suarez, Of Laws, bk. 1, ch. 5; Cospensis curs. Theol tract. 13, disp. 1, sect. 1)
And accordingly there are two names in this text [Eze. 43:11] given to Christ’s laws and institutions: one which imports the instruction and information of our minds: another which signifies a deep imprinting or engraving (and that is made upon our hearts and affections), such as a pen of iron and other instruments could make upon a stone.”
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Aaron’s Rod Blossoming… (London: 1646), bk. 2, ch. 6, p. 230
“‘But’ says he [Hussey, an Erastian], ‘may they not worship Christ as Mediator? Yes, doubtless they may.’
[Gillespie’s response:] No doubt He that is Mediator must be worshipped, because He is God; Christ God-man is the object of divine adoration, and his God-head is the cause of that adoration; but whether He is to be worshipped because He is Mediator, or under this formal consideration as Mediator; and whether the Mediator ought to be therefore adored with divine adoration, because He is Mediator, is res altioris indaginis [a thing for deeper investigation]. If Mr. Hussey please to read and consider what diverse Schoolmen have said upon that point, as:
Aquinas, [Summa] third part, quest. 25, art. 1 & 2; Alex. Alensis, Sum. Theol., part 3, quest. 30, member 2; Suarez in the third part of Thomas, disp. 53, sect. 1; Valentia, Comment on Thomas, tome 4, disp. 1, quest. 24, point 1; Tannerus, Scholastic Theology, tome 4, disp. 1, quest. 7, doubt 7.
But much more if he please to read Disputatio de adoratione Christi, habita inter Faustum Socinum & Christianum Francken: and above all Dr. Voetius, Select Disputations, pt. 2, disp. 14, Whether Christ is to be Adored as Mediator?
Then I believe he will be more wary and cautious what he holds concerning that question.”
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Gisbert Voet
Select Theological Disputations, vol. 1, pt. 2 tr. by AI by Onku (Utrecht: Johannes a Waesberg, 1648)
‘Francis Gomarus’s Treatise on Christ, Autotheos, with Notes’, ‘Notes on the Preceding Diatribe’, p. 30 Latin
“Add, that Possevinus [d. 1611] in his Sacred Apparatus under the entry “Gilbert Genebrard” judges that the no less harsh phrases of Augustine, Jerome and all the other phrases of the fathers, by which they call God the cause of Himself, must be so expounded with Suarez, that He is ‘from Himself’ and ‘Autotheos’, negatively, that is, having being without emanation from another: so that through that negation the positive and simple perfection of that being is declared, which so in itself and in its essence includes existence itself, that it receives it from no one: which perfection that being does not have, which does not have being, unless it receives it from another.”
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Francis Cheynell
The Divine Trinunity… (London: T.R., 1650), ch. 6, p. 173
“4. If angels had been created from eternity, yet they would not have been essentially or intrinsically eternal, because their essence does not include any repugnancy to an actual beginning. (…See Suarez, Metaphysical Disputation 50, sect. 4, Th. p. 1, quest. 10, art. 2)”
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Peter van Mastricht
Theoretical-Practical Theology (RHB, 2021), vol. 3, bk. 3, ch. 9, Man & the Image of God, sect. 45, p. 297
“Yet on the contrary, others who are not obscure among the papists, such as Cornelius à Lapide, Agostino Steuco of Gubbio, La Peyrère, Jansen, Ambrosius Catharinus, Suarez, Oleaster, and others, together with the Reformed think that paradise was destroyed in the flood, because…”
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Suarez’s Writings in English
.
Order of
Collection
Metaphysics
Six Days
On Laws
Faith, Hope & Charity
Defense against Anglicanism
Religious State
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.
A Collection of Articles
Penner, Sydney – ‘Suarez in English Translation’ at Sydney Penner
.
.
On Metaphysics
A Commentary on Aristotle’s Metaphysics… trans. John P. Doyle (Marquette Univ. Press, 1950) 420 pp.
This is different than Suarez’s Metaphysical Disputations.
Metaphysical Disputations
Metaphysical Disputations tr. AI (d. 1617; Paris: Vives, 1877)
Preface i
Plan of Indices iv
[On the English Translation] iv
Index on Aristotle xi
Prologue clxxvii
1. Nature of First Philosophy, or Metaphysics 1
2. Essential Nature or Concept of Being 153
3. Passions of Being in General & its Principles 249
4. Transcendental Unity in General 281
5. Individual Unity & its Principle 357-492
6. Formal & Universal Unity 1
7. Various Kinds of Distinctions 121
8. On Truth or the True, which is a Passion of Being 182
9. On Falsity or the False 274
10. On the Good, or Transcendental Goodness 313
11. Evil 378
12. Causes of Being in General 420
13. Material Cause of Substance 476
14. Material Cause of Accidents 636-722
15. Formal Substantial Cause 1
16. Accidental Formal Cause 168
17. Efficient Cause in General 203
18. Proximate Efficient Cause & its Causality, & all that is required for Causing 234
19. Causes Acting Necessarily & Freely or Contingently; where also concerning Fate, Fortune & Chance 465
20. First Efficient Cause & its Primary Action, which is Creation 604-701
21. First Efficient Cause & its other Action, which is Conservation 1
22. First Cause & its other Action, which is Cooperation or Concurrence with Secondary Causes 43
23. Final Cause in General 147
24. Ultimate Final Cause, or Ultimate End 262
25. Exemplar Causality 285
26. Comparison of Causes to their Effects 330
27. Comparison of Causes among Themselves 412
28. First Division of Being into the simply Infinite & the Finite, & other divisions which are Equivalent to this 441
29. God as the First Being & Uncreated Substance, insofar as his very Existence can be known by Natural Reason 492-588
30. First Being, insofar as What it is & of what Kind it is can be known by Natural Reason 1
31. Essence of Finite Being as such & on its Existence, & on the Distinction between them 400
32. Division of Created Being in Substance & Accident 615
33. Created Substance in General 657
34. First Substance, or the Suppositum, & its Distinction from Nature 1
35. Created Immaterial Substance 186
36. Material Substance in General 314
37. Essential Nature of Accident in General 348
38. Comparison of Accident to Substance 367
39. Division of Accident into Nine Supreme Genera 383
40. Continuous Quantity 443
41. Discrete Quantity & the Coordination of the Category of Quantity & its Properties 584
42. Quality & its Species in General 626-93
43. Potency & Act 1
44. Habits 73
45. Contrariety of Qualities 252
46. Intensification of Qaulities 290
47. Real Relation in General 357-561
48. Action 1
49. Passion 76
50. Category When, & in General on the Duration of Things 113
51. Where, or Ubi 253
52. Position 335
53. Habitus, as Constituting a Certain Genus of Accident 348
54. Beings of Reason 357-423
Philosophical Index
Theological Index
.
Professional Translations
On Various Kinds of Distinctions trans. Cyril Vollert Buy (Marquette Univ. Press, 1947)
Metaphysical Disputation I: On the Nature of First Philosophy or Metaphysics in Early Modern Catholic Sources Buy (Catholic University of America Press, 2021) 464 pp.
Francis Suarez on Individuation: Metaphysical Disputation V: Individual Unity & its Principle trans. Jorge J.E. Garcia in Mediaeval Philosophical Texts in Translation Buy (Marquette Univ. Press, 1982) 304 pp.
Metaphysics of Good & Evil According to Suarez: Metaphysical Disputations X & XI & Selected Passages from Disputation XXIII & Other Works (Analytica) Buy (Philosophia Verlag, 1989) 294 pp.
On the Formal Cause of Substance: Metaphysical Disputation XV in Mediaeval Philosophical Texts in Translation Buy (Marquette Univ. Press, 2000)
On Efficient Causality: Metaphysical Disputations 17, 18 & 19 trans. Alfred Freddoso in Yale Library of Medieval Philosophy Series Buy (Yale Univ. Press, 1994) 448 pp.
On Creation Conservation & Concurrence: Metaphysical Disputations 20-22 trans. A.J. Freddoso Buy (St. Augustines Press, 2002) 368 pp.
The Metaphysical Demonstration of the Existence of God: Metaphysical Disputations 28-29 Buy (St. Augustine Press, 2004) 240 pp.
On Real Relation: Disputatio Metaphysica XLVII: a Translation from the Latin, with an Introduction & Notes trans. John P. Doyle in Mediaeval Philosophical Texts in Translation Buy (Marquette Univ. Press, 2006) 431 pp.
Francis Suarez on Beings of Reason, Metaphysical Disputation LIV in Medieval Philosophical Texts in Translation Buy (Marquette Univ. Press, 1994) 170 pp.
.
.
On the Work of the Six Days
‘What Kind of Corporeal or Political Life Men Would Have Professed in the State of Innocence’ tr. Matthew Gaetano in Journal of Markets & Morality, vol. 15, no. 2 (Fall, 2012), pp. 527-63
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.
On Laws & God the Legislator
A Treatise on Laws & God the Lawgiver in Selections from Three Works of Francisco Suarez, vol. 2 in Classics of International Law (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1944) Detailed ToC
Dedication 8
Preface 13
bk. 1, Law in general; its nature, causes and effects 21
bk. 2, Eternal law, natural law and the law of nations 143
bk. 3, Positive, human, civil law 361
…
bk. 6, Interpretation, cessation and change of human laws 419
bk. 7, Unwritten law, which is called custom 441-646
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On Faith, Hope & Charity
A Work on the Three Theological Virtues: Faith, Hope & Charity in Selections from Three Works of Francisco Suarez, vol. 2 in Classics of International Law (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1944) Detailed ToC
Dedication 729
To the Reader 730
On Faith
disp. 18, On the means which may be used for the conversion and coercion of unbelievers who are not apostates 739
On Charity
To the Reader 799
…
disp. 13, On war 800
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.
Defense of the Catholic & Apostolic Faith against the Errors of Anglicanism
Defense of the Catholic & Apostolic Faith against the Errors of Anglicanism tr. Peter L.P. Simpson (1613) 1,005 pp. ToC
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On the Religious State
William Humphrey, The Religious State. A Digest of the Doctrine of Suarez…, vol. 1, 2, 3 (London: Burns & Oats, 1884) ToC All, 1, 2, 3
Note this is a summary by Humphrey of Suarez’s work; it is not Suarez’s work itself.
.
.
On Suarez’s Life
Books
1600’s
Descamps, Antonio Ignacio – The Life of Francisco Suarez, vol. 1, 2 tr. AI from Spanish (1671)
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1900’s
Fichter, Joseph H. – Man of Spain: Francis Suarez (Macmillan, 1940) 355 pp. ToC
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On Suarez’s Thought
.
Order of
Whole Thought 5
Special Topics 6
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Surveys of the Whole of his Thought
1600’s
Noel, Francis – A Compendium of R.P. Fancisco Suarez tr. AI (Madrid: 1732; Paris: Migne, 1858) More detailed tables of contents are at the front of each volume.
Preface by Noel:
“I constantly keep exactly the same order of books, treatises, disputations, chapters, and sections which the author, Father Suárez, observed, so that, if anyone should at times wish to inspect or weigh more fully some subject that has been proposed, he may at once be able to find it in the very archetype without any difficulty or toil. Sometimes, however, for the sake of brevity, I have gathered into a single heading certain chapters of his which were divided, but have a great mutual connexion; yet not even thus is the ease of finding the matter desired taken away, since I always retain the original order of the subject-matter.
Further, if sometimes from the title the sense of the question does not sufficiently appear, I prefix a brief explanation of it, and, when needful, I set out the whole question for clearer understanding by a successive series of cardinal numbers, saying 1, 2, 3, etc., as Father Suárez himself also more frequently is wont to set things forth.
Next, because he oſten prefixes to his own position the diverse opinions of authors or the heresies, I likewise indicate these at the outset along with his own, and at the end I resolve in a body their arguments or objections. Yet do not expect, dear reader, that all and each of the original’s proofs and refutations—especially those drawn from authority—could have been included in so narrow a compendium; I have excerpted only those more necessary, suitable, and effective, for the most part merely indicating the rest in general. Moreover, I have always striven, as briefly as I could, to embrace his whole line of argument and meaning.”
.
vol. 1, God, Predestination, Trinity, Angels
Divine Substance
bk. 1, Existence and essence of God; attributes considered generically 3
bk. 2, Negative attributes of God, as He is one 36
bk. 3, Positive attributes of God: knowledge or intellect, will and power 123
Divine Predestination
bk. 1, Necessity and nature of predestination 144
bk. 2, Causes of predestination 177
bk. 3, Effects of predestination and their harmony with free choice 230
bk. 4, God’s supernatural providence regarding the eternal salvation of the reprobate or non-elect 244
bk. 5, Reprobation 250
bk. 6, Certain comparisons between the predestined and the reprobate 261
Triune God
bk. 1, Trinity of Persons and their procession 269
bk. 2, True divinity of the three Persons 287
bk. 3, True distinction of the three Persons and on the predicates that are multiplied in them 295
bk. 4, True unity of the three Persons and other matters pertaining to it 309
bk. 5, Divine reasons and notions 326
bk. 6, Origins and notional acts 336
bk. 7, Properties that constitute the divine Persons, and their constitution 344
bk. 8, The Father 352
bk. 9, The Son 355
bk. 10, Spiration: the Principle of the Holy Spirit 371
bk. 11, The Holy Spirit 381
bk. 12, Mission of the divine Persons 390
Celestial Spirits
bk. 1, Nature, production and quasi-substantial attributes of angels 405
bk. 2, Intellective power of angels and their natural knowledge 427
bk. 3, Will of angels in the pure state of their nature 494
bk. 4, Motive power of angels for transient actions, or for effecting changes 510
bk. 5, State of grace and merit which all the angels had on the way 547
bk. 6, State of the beatitude of the holy angels and their ministries 566
bk. 7, Evil angels: their fall and guilt 609
bk. 8, Punishments and pernicious works or offices of the evil angels 649
vol. 2, Six Days, Soul, Human Beatitude (God as Man’s End), Voluntary & Involuntary, Goodness & Malice of Human Acts, Passions & Habits, Sins, Laws & God the Legislator
Six Days
bk. 1, World, as created by God 3
bk. 2, Works of each of the Six Days 23
bk. 3, Man’s creation and state of innocence 42
bk. 4, Loss of the state of innocence 87
bk. 5, State which wayfarers would have had in this world if the first parents had not sinned 101
Soul
bk. 1, Substance, essence and information of the rational soul 122
bk. 2, Powers of the soul in general; vegetative soul 140
bk. 3, Cognitive & sensitive powers 147
bk. 4, Intellective power 165
bk. 5, Appetitive power; on the will; locomotive power 173
bk. 6, State of the separated soul 177
Human Beatitude
disp. 1, Causality of human will’s end 185
disp. 2, Will’s actions for an end’s sake 188
disp. 3, Man’s ultimate end in general 191
disp. 4, Beatitude in general 195
disp. 5, Object of human beatitude, or objective beatitude 196
disp. 6, Generic essence of formal beatitude 199
disp. 7, Specific essence of formal supernatural beatitude 202
disp. 8, Perfections which the intellect of the blessed includes besides the beatific vision 207
disp. 9, Perfections of the will of the blessed as it concerns God 210
disp. 10, Other perfections of the will of the blessed 214
disp. 11, Dowries, aureoles and fruits of the blessed soul 217
disp. 12 [omitted]
disp. 13, Subject of supernatural beatitude 220
disp. 14, through three sections 222
disp. 15, through two sections 224
disp. 16, Appetite for beatitude 225
Voluntary & Involuntary
disp. 1, Voluntary and the free, and their difference 228
disp. 2, Involuntary, the violent and the coerced 235
disp. 3, Voluntary mixed with the involuntary on account of fear or concupiscence 240
disp. 4, Ignorance causing the voluntary or involuntary 243
disp. 5, Circumstances of human acts
disp. 6, First act of willing and intention 250
disp. 7, Fruition of the acquired end 252
disp. 8, Choice and consent 253
disp. 9, Use and command 255
disp. 10, Commanded acts of the will generally 256
Goodness & Malice of Human Acts
disp. 1, Moral act in general 258
disp. 2, Objective goodness and malice of human acts 260
disp. 3, Formal goodness of will’s interior act in general 265
disp. 4, Interior act’s goodness from the object 267
disp. 5, Interior act’s goodness from circumstances 270
disp. 6, Interior act’s goodness from the end 275
disp. 7, Malice 279
disp. 8, Division of an act into good and evil 285
disp. 9, The indifferent act of the will 288
disp. 10, Formal goodness and malice of external human acts 291
disp. 11, Remote and first rule of human acts: Eternal law or divine reason 294
disp. 12, Proximate rule of human acts: Right reason or conscience 296
Passions & Habits
disp. 1, Passions 306
disp. 2 [omitted]
disp. 3, Good habits, or virtues 311
disp. 4, Bad habits, or vices 316
Sins
disp. 1, Essence and gravity of sin 319
disp. 2, Mortal and venial sin 321
disp. 3, Sin of commission and omission 332
disp. 4, Sin arising from passion, ignorance and malice 337
disp. 5, Internal material and efficient causes of sins 338
disp. 6, Extrinsic cause of sin 345
. 1. Whether God is the cause of sin 345
disp. 7, Punishment of actual sin 348
disp. 8, Habitual sin, arising from actual sin 352
. 1. Whether, once an actual sin has been committed, something habitual remains in the soul that is truly sin, and what that thing is 352
disp. 9, Original Sin 354
Laws & God the Legislator
bk. 1, Law in general: nature, causes and effects 367
bk. 2, Eternal and natural law; law of nations 384
bk. 3, Positive human civil law 404
bk. 4, Positive canonical law 444
bk. 5, Variety of human laws 466
bk. 6, Interpretation, cessation and change of human law 496
bk. 7, Custom, or unwritten law 522
bk. 8, Law conceding privilege 539
bk. 9, The old positive divine Law 574
bk. 10, The divine New Law 602
vol. 3, Grace, Sanctification, Merit, Faith, Hope & Charity
Preliminaries & the Necessity of Grace
Pre. 1, Requisites for formal freedom and free use 3
Pre. 2, God’s knowledge concerning free acts conditionally future 10
Pre. 3, Common account of grace and its division 19
Pre. 4, Diverse states of human nature 27
Pre. 5, Various errors contrary to divine grace 36
Pre. 6, Writings containing the approved doctrine about grace 46
bk. 1, Necessity of grace for exercising morally good works of the natural order and for avoiding sins contrary to them 51
bk. 2, Necessity of grace for eliciting acts of the divine order, for observing supernatural precepts, and for avoiding sins contrary to them 100
Helps of Grace Generally & Specifically
bk. 3, Helps of grace generally 141
bk. 4, Sufficient grace 191
bk. 5, Efficacious grace 219
Habitual Grace, the Sanctification of Man, & Merit
bk. 6, Essence of habitual grace 257
bk. 7, Justification of man, insofar as it is the formal effect of habitual grace 279
bk. 8, Causes of habitual grace 327
bk. 9, Increase and perfection of habitual grace 360
bk. 10, Conservation of habitual grace and the gift of perseverance 385
bk. 11, Perpetuity or loss of habitual grace 401
bk. 12, Merit, which is the principal moral effect of sanctifying grace 418
Virtue of Faith
disp. 1, Certain preliminary matters 495
disp. 2, Material object or subject of faith 496
disp. 3, Formal object of faith 504
disp. 4, Sufficient and necessary proposition of the object of faith for believing 522
disp. 5, Infallible rules of faith proposing the object 530
disp. 6, Act of justifying faith 546
disp. 7, Habit of faith 556
disp. 8, Distinction of faith from all intellectual gifts 561
disp. 9, The holy Church 568
disp. 10, The supreme Pontiff 582
disp. 11, Holy councils 599
disp. 12, Necessity of faith insofar as it is a means to attaining salvation 605
disp. 13, Precept of the interior act of faith 613
disp. 14, Precept of the exterior act of faith 620
disp. 15, Sins against the internal precept of faith 628
disp. 16, Infidelity
disp. 17, Paganism and Judaism 634
disp. 18, Lawful means to use for converting or coercing infidels 638
disp. 19, Sin of heresy 645
disp. 20, Remedies for refuting or extirpating heresies 653
disp. 21, Spiritual penalties of heretics 662
disp. 22, Temporal penalty of heretics 669
disp. 23, Corporal penalties of heretics 674
disp. 24, Persons to whom penalties of heretics extend on account of conjunction with them 678
Virtue of Hope
disp. 1, Speculative on the virtue of hope 682
disp. 2, Moral virtue of hope 689
Virtue of Charity
disp. 1, Material and formal object of charity 693
disp. 2, Act of charity 697
disp. 3, Habit of charity 700
disp. 4, Virtue of Mercy 704
disp. 5, Precepts of Charity 706
disp. 6, Sins contrary to the precept of charity 710
disp. 7, Precept of almsgiving 711
disp. 8, Precept of fraternal correction 719
disp. 9, Order to be preserved in the precept of charity and mercy 723
disp. 10, Scandal in general 726
disp. 11, Precept concerning peace 730
disp. 12, Schism 731
disp. 13, War 733
vol. 4, Religion, Precepts & Vices of, Devotion, Oaths, Vows, State of Perfection, Religious Persons, Variety of Religions, Society of Jesus
Nature & Essence of Religion
bk. 1, Object of religion 3
bk. 2, Acts of religion in general 7
bk. 3, Habit of religion 9
Affirmative Precepts of Religion
bk. 1, Precepts of divine worship 18
bk. 2, Feast days 52
bk. 3, Due reverence of sacred places 86
Vices Contrary to Religion
bk. 1, Irreligiosity 101
bk. 2, Superstition 108
bk. 3, Sacrilege 136
bk. 4, Simony 140
Prayer, Devotion & Canonical Hours
bk. 1, Prayer in general 235
bk. 2, Mental prayer and devotion 260
bk. 3, Vocal prayer in general 280
bk. 4, Church’s public prayer and canonical hours 289
Oaths & Adjurations
bk. 1, Oaths in general; Assertory oath in particular 336
bk. 2, Promissory oath 350
bk. 3, Precepts of oaths and sins contrary to them 398
bk. 4, Adjuration 416
Vows in General
bk. 1, Essence and goodness of vows 421
bk. 2, Matter of vows and its divisions 446
bk. 3, Precepts pertaining to oaths and on perjury and other sins contrary to them 463
bk. 4, Obligation of a vow 472
bk. 5, Sins contrary to a vow 497
bk. 6, Irritation, dispensation and commutation of a vow 505
State of Perfection & Religion
bk. 1, State of perfection and its various modes 535
bk. 2, Essence, origin and vows by which the religious state is constituted, and other things pertaining to these 552
bk. 3, Author, origin and antiquity of the religious state 572
bk. 4, Vow of assuming the state of religion 577
bk. 5, Entrance into religion and the Novitate 588
bk. 6, Valid religious profession 607
bk. 7, Invalid religious profession 631
bk. 8, Poverty 639
bk. 9, Vow of chastity 667
bk. 10, Vow of obedience 698
Obligations of Religious Persons arising from Rule, Prelacy & Subjection
bk. 1, Proper obligations of the religious insofar as they live under a rule 717
bk. 2, On the religious so far as they are prelates and their obligations as such 729
bk. 3, On the religious deserting or changing their religion 762
Variety of Religions
bk. 1, Variety of religions in general 784
bk. 2, Variety of religions in particular 792
Religion of the Society of Jesus
bk. 1, Institute of the Society 799
bk. 2, Entrance to and probation in the Society 804
bk. 3, Admission of scholars into the Society through simple vows, and their dismissal 810
bk. 4, Simple vows of chastity, poverty and obedience which are emitted in the Society 818
bk. 5, Scholars and studies of the Society, both domestic and external 833
bk. 6, Profession which is made in the Society, and those things which precede and follow it 837
bk. 7, On the Professed of three vows and the formed coadjutors of the Society 850
bk. 8, Means which the society uses for acquiring its own perfection 854
bk. 9, Ministries or means which the Society uses for the salvation of neighbors 858
bk. 10, Governance of the Society and its prelates 871
vol. 5, Incarnation & Sacraments
Mystery of the Incarnation
disp. 1, Contra Jews, Messiah has come, from various Scriptures 3
disp. 2, Contra heretics and Jews: Christ is true man and God 7
disp. 3, Existence of the incarnation and its fittingness 9
disp. 4, Fittingness and necessity of the incarnation for the restoration of fallen man 12
disp. 5, Primary cause of the incarnation 33
disp. 6, Time when the incarnation was made, and its fittingness 43
disp. 7, Terminus of the incarnation which is produced, or results through it 45
disp. 8, What the incarnation is 52
disp. 9, Excellence and perfection of the hypostatic union 58
disp. 10, Causes of the incarnation; meritorious cause 60
disp. 11, Divine existence and subsistence 72
disp. 12, Person assuming and united to the humanity 77
disp. 13, Terminus of the assumption, in any possible incarnation 81
disp. 14, What could be assumed by God through any possible hypostatic union 84
disp. 15, What the Word assumed through the incarnation 90
disp. 16, Order of the assumption according to the real succession of time 96
disp. 17, Order of nature observed in this assumption 98
disp. 18, Sanctifying grace, or created justice, in the soul of Christ 102
disp. 19, Moral virtues of the soul of Christ 108
disp. 20, Gifts of the Holy Spirit bestowed upon the soul of Christ 109
disp. 21, Freely given graces bestowed upon the soul of Christ 110
disp. 22, Accidental perfection of the habitual grace of Christ 112
disp. 23, Dignity and grace of the Head that is in Christ 115
disp. 24, Created intellect of Christ’s soul and its acts 118
disp. 25, Threefold knowledge of Christ’s soul 123
disp. 26, Perfection of the beatific knowledge possessed by Christ’s soul 124
disp. 27, Material object of the knowledge per se infused in Christ’s soul 131
disp. 28, Acts of the infused knowledge of Christ’s soul 135
disp. 29, Habit of the infused knowledge of Christ’s soul 137
disp. 30, Perfection of the acquired knowledge of Christ’s soul 140
disp. 31, Grace or power given to Christ’s soul for working miracles and supernatural works 143
disp. 32, Defects and perfections of Christ’s body 156
disp. 33, Contrary defects of grace and virtue, not assumed by Christ 160
disp. 34, Sensitive appetite of Christ’s soul and its acts 163
disp. 35, Communication of idioms 167
disp. 36, Being of the existence of Christ and of his humanity 171
disp. 37, Christ’s human will and its freedom 176
disp. 38, Variety and efficacy of the acts of Christ’s will 181
disp. 39, Christ’s merit considered in itself and absolutely 185
disp. 40, Those things which Christ merited for Himself 189
disp. 41, Those things which Christ merited for men 193
disp. 42, Those things which Christ merited for angels 201
disp. 43, Christ’s obedience and the precepts of which He was capable 204
disp. 44, Christ’s servitude 207
disp. 45, Prayer of Christ in the state of wayfaring and in the Fatherland (Heaven) 211
disp. 46, Supreme priesthood and pontificate of Christ 213
disp. 47, Excellent power of the priesthood of Christ and his spiritual kingdom 218
disp. 48, Temporal kingdom of Christ 220
disp. 49, Filiation of Christ in relation to God 222
disp. 50, Manner of speaking concerning the predestination of Christ 230
disp. 51, Adoration owed to Christ as God 232
disp. 52, Adoration to be exhibited to holy men or angels 237
disp. 53, Adoration owed to Christ and his humanity 240
disp. 54, Use and adoration of images 244
disp. 55, Worship and veneration of relics 258
disp. 56, Use and adoration of the cross 261
Mysteries of Christ’s Life & his Twofold Advent
disp. 1, Dignity of the mother of God in general 269
disp. 2, Natural perfection and origin of Mary 273
disp. 3, Time at which Mary was first sanctified 276
disp. 4, Perfection of Mary’s first sanctification 284
disp. 5, Bodily virginity of Mary 291
disp. 6, Mary’s virginity regards the virtue of the soul 297
disp. 7, Marriage of Mary with Joseph 300
disp. 8, On Joseph 302
disp. 9, Manner and circumstances of the angelic annunciation 305
disp. 10, Efficient cause and the minister of the matter of Christ’s conception 307
disp. 11, Instance in which Christ’s conception was completed 309
disp. 12, Relations arising from Christ’s birth between Him and Mary 311
disp. 13, Christ’s temporal birth 315
disp. 14, Wonders wrought at Christ’s birth 319
disp. 15, Mystery of the circumcision 324
disp. 16, Presentation of Christ and Mary’s purification 327
disp. 17, Remaining mysteries of Christ’s life up to his thirtieth year 329
disp. 18, Perfection of the grace and merits of Mary 332
disp. 19, Mary’s knowledge and wisdom in the state of wayfaring 338
disp. 20, Graces freely given to Mary 342
disp. 21, Death and assumption of Mary 344
disp. 22, Adoration of Mary 347
disp. 23, Intercession and invocation of Mary 350
disp. 24, John, Christ’s precursor 352
disp. 25, John’s baptism 358
disp. 26, Time and age at which Christ was baptized 362
disp. 27, Events at Christ’s baptism 364
disp. 28, State of life Christ maintained in this world 366
disp. 29, Forty day fast of Christ in the desert 369
disp. 30, Christ the teacher and his doctrine 371
disp. 31, Christ’s miracles 373
disp. 32, Christ’s transfiguration 379
disp. 33, Christ’s passion in general 381
disp. 34, Events Christ endured up to his arrest 383
disp. 35, Events Christ endured up to the pronouncing of the sentence of death 386
disp. 36, Crucifixion of Christ 388
disp. 37, Things Christ endured and accomplished before his death hanging on the cross 392
disp. 38, Christ’s death as regards its substance and causes 396
disp. 39, Prodigies that occurred at Christ’s death 399
disp. 40, Time of Christ’s death and passion 401
disp. 41, Events concerning Christ’s body after his death 410
disp. 42, Estate and place of holy souls before Christ’s death 412
disp. 43, State which Christ’s soul had when separated from the body 416
disp. 44, On the Resurrection in itself 424
disp. 45, Christ’s resurrection and its causes 430
disp. 46, Time of Christ’s resurrection 433
disp. 47, Natural perfection and integrity of Christ’s body in the resurrection 437
disp. 48, Supernatural perfection of Christ’s body after the resurrection 445
disp. 49, Appearances after the resurrection 452
disp. 50, Resurrection of the dead as an effect of Christ’s resurrection 458
disp. 51, Christ’s ascension and its terminus 472
disp. 52, Christ’s judicial power and its exercise 478
disp. 53, Christ’s second coming for the universal judgment 483
disp. 54, On the Antichrist 488
disp. 55, Forerunners of the good of Christ’s second coming 494
disp. 56, Signs that will precede the universal judgment 498
disp. 57, Coming of the Judge and the form of the Judgment and its end 502
disp. 58, State of Christ and the world after the completion of the Judgment 512
pt. 1, Sacraments in general, Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist & Mass
disp. 1, Essence and definition of sacrament 519
disp. 2, Matter and form of
disp. 3, Sacraments that would have existed in the state of innocence 534
disp. 4, Institution and necessity of the sacraments of the Law of Nature 536
disp. 5, Institution and necessity of circumcision and the other sacraments of the Old Law 540
disp. 6, Institution and necessity of the sacraments of the Law of Grace 543
disp. 7, Efficacy of the sacraments of the New Law for conferring grace 544
disp. 8, Time in which the sacraments confer grace 551
disp. 9, Manner in which the sacraments effect grace 554
disp. 10, Inefficacy of the old sacraments for conferring grace 560
disp. 11, Nature and necessity of character 565
disp. 12, Cause instituting the sacraments 570
disp. 13, Proximate cause ministering the sacraments 573
disp. 14, Subject apt for receiving the sacraments 584
disp. 15, Sacramentals, or on the ceremonies of the sacraments in common
disp. 16, Precepts concerning the sacraments as they pertain to their ministers 593
disp. 17, Precepts pertaining to those who receive the sacraments 598
disp. 18, Obligation not to cooperate with one who gives or receives a sacrament unworthily 599
disp. 19, Institution of baptism 605
disp. 20, Matter of baptism 605
disp. 21, Form of baptism 608
disp. 22, Unity of baptism 613
disp. 23, Minister of baptism 615
disp. 24, Baptism of adults 620
disp. 25, Baptism of infants and the right of baptizing 622
disp. 26, Effects of baptism 630
disp. 27, Necessity of baptism for obtaining grace and glory 633
disp. 28, disposition required for obtaining baptism’s effect 639
disp. 29, Disposition and effect of baptism of blood or martyrdom 650
disp. 30, Ceremonies and circumstances to be observed in solemn baptism 657
disp. 31, Moral doctrine pertaining to the sacrament of baptism 660
disp. 32, Sacrament of confirming and its institution 667
disp. 33, Essence of the sacrament of confirmation 670
disp. 34, Effect of the sacrament of confirmation 678
disp. 35, Those who receive the sacrament of confirmation 680
disp. 36, Minister of confirmation 681
disp. 37, Ceremonies of the sacrament of confirmation 686
disp. 38, Obligation of the faithful regarding the reception of this sacrament, and of the minister regarding its administration 688
disp. 39, Institution of the sacrament of the eucharist 690
disp. 40, Necessity of the Eucharist 692
disp. 41, Time of the institution of 697
disp. 42, Essence and parts of eucharist in general 701
disp. 43, Remote matter of the eucharist in general 708
disp. 44, Remote matter, or the bread from which Christ’s body is confected 715
disp. 45, Remote matter, or the wine from which Christ’s blood is confected 719
disp. 46, Real presence of Christ’s body in eucharist 724
disp. 47, What Christ’s presence is in the eucharist 737
disp. 48, Comparison of the sacramental and natural presence of Christ’s body 743
disp. 49, Absence of bread and wine from eucharist 754
disp. 50, Transition or conversion of bread and wine into Christ’s body and blood, called transubstantiation 760
disp. 51, What exists under each species of the eucharist 770
disp. 52, What exists under each part of the species of bread and wine 777
disp. 53, What Christ can do or undergo insofar as He is in this sacrament 779
disp. 54, Mode by which Christ ceases to be under the sacramental species 785
disp. 55, Apparent changes that occur in the eucharist 787
disp. 56, Mode of existing of the accidents of bread and wine after consecration 790
disp. 57, What the consecrated sacramental species can do and undergo 793
disp. 58, Sacramental form of the eucharist in general 796
disp. 59, Form of the consecration of bread 804
disp. 60, Regarding the form of the consecration of the blood 807
disp. 61, Efficient cause of the eucharist, and efficacy of the form and of the minister 810
disp. 62, Those who receive this sacrament 814
disp. 63, Effects which the eucharist produces in the soul 816
disp. 64, Effect which the eucharist produces in the body 829
disp. 65, Adoration due to the eucharist 833
disp. 66, Spiritual disposition required by precept for receiving this sacrament 836
disp. 67, Obligation of repelling the unworthy from use of the eucharist 844
disp. 68, Bodily disposition required by precept for receiving the eucharist 849
disp. 69, Divine precept concerning the use of the eucharist 855
disp. 70, Ecclesiastical precept concerning use of the eucharist 860
disp. 71, Precept of communicating under one or both species 863
disp. 72, Obligations pertaining to the dispensers of this sacrament 867
Sacrifice of the Mass
disp. 73, Sacrifice in general 871
disp. 74, Mass or the sacrifice of the New Law 878
disp. 75, Essence of the eucharistic sacrifice 885
disp. 76, Comparison of this sacrifice with other sacrifices and sacraments 892
disp. 77, Those who offer the eucharistic sacrifice 894
disp. 78, Those for whom this sacrifice can be offered 897
disp. 79, Effect and value of this sacrifice 899
disp. 80, Time when priests are bound or may lawfully offer the sacrifice of the Mass 913
disp. 81, Place and sacred vessels in which the sacrifice of the mass is to be celebrated 916
disp. 82, Preparation for Mass and the sacred vestments 925
disp. 83, Rites of the Mass that consist in words 928
disp. 84, Rites of the Mass that consist in action 933
disp. 85, Obligation of supplying defects committed during sacrifice 934
disp. 86, Just stipend for Mass and on behalf of whom it must be applied by obligation 936
disp. 87, Minister necessary for the sacrifice and his obligation 940
disp. 88, Precept of hearing Mass
vol. 6, Penance & Extreme Unction, on Purgatory, Suffrage & Indulgences
Penance
bk. 1, Penance as a virtue 3
disp. 1, Penance in general 3
disp. 2, Object of the virtue of penance 4
disp. 3, Acts of the virtue of penance in general 7
disp. 4, Contrition in itself 16
disp. 5, Attrition 24
disp. 6, Exterior act of penance 29
disp. 7, Habit of the virtue of penance 29
disp. 8, First effect of penance: Remission of mortal sins 31
disp. 9, Necessity of penance for the remission of mortal sins 35
disp. 10, Perfection of the remission of mortal sin through penance 41
disp. 11, Remission of venial sins through penance 44
disp. 12, Remission of venial sin through the sacraments 52
disp. 13, Absolute and irrevocable remission of sins through penance 56
disp. 14, Last effect of penance: Reparation or revival of deadened merits 60
disp. 15, Precepts of the virtue of penance 67
bk. 2, Penance as a sacrament 74
disp. 16, Power of the keys, or power of remitting sins, given by Christ to the Church 74
disp. 17, Institution and necessity of the sacrament of penance 80
disp. 18, Essence and rite of this sacrament in general 83
disp. 19, Form of the sacrament of penance 87
disp. 20, Interior sorrow required for the substance and effect of this sacrament 91
disp. 21, Whatness and quality of sacramental confession 100
disp. 22, Integrity of confession required per se for its validity 103
disp. 23, Formal integrity of confession and its defect 115
disp. 24, Minister of the sacrament of penance in general 118
disp. 25, Minister of this sacrament having ordinary power 120
disp. 26, Minister of this sacrament having delegated power 123
disp. 27, Faculty of choosing a confessor 128
disp. 28, Suitability of the confessor 132
disp. 29, Minister of this sacrament with respect to reserved cases 139
disp. Minister who can directly resolve the penitent from reserved cases 143
disp. 31, Manner of absolving from reserved cases 147
disp. 32, Obligations of the minister of this sacrament 151
disp. 33, Seal of confession 154
disp. 34, On the secret to be kept concerning the person of an accomplice
disp. 35, Divine precept of confession
disp. 36, Ecclesiastical precept of annual confession 168
disp. 37, Satisfaction considered in itself 173
disp. 38, Sacramental satisfaction 181
Extreme Unction
bk. 3, Sacrament of Extreme Unction
disp. 39, Institution of this sacrament 189
disp. 40, Essence of extreme unction 191
disp. 41, Effect and end of 195
disp. 42, Subject to whom this sacrament is to be given 200
disp. 43, Minister of this sacrament 202
disp. 44, Precepts and rite of 204
Purgatory
bk. 4, Purgatory
disp. 45, Purgatory in general, whether it exists and where it is 208
disp. 46, Quality and severity of punishments 213
disp. 47, State of grace of the souls in purgatory 219
bk. 5, Suffrages
disp. 48, Suffrages 224
bk. 6, Indulgences
disp. 49, Power of granting indulgences 240
disp. 50, Effect of indulgences 246
disp. 51, Treasury of the Church which is dispensed through indulgences 253
disp. 52, Living faithful to whom indulgences can be beneficial 259
disp. 53, Departed for whom indulgences can be beneficial 267
disp. 54, Final cause for which indulgences can and ought to be granted 271
disp. 55, Sufficient cause of indulgences 274
disp. 56, Form to be observed in the concession of indulgences 279
disp. 57, Duration and revocation of indulgences 283
Censures & Irregularity
disp. 1, Censures in general 289
disp. 2, Efficient cause of censure; modes of imposing it 291
disp. 3, Modes of imposing censures; censure imposed by law or a person 295
disp. 4, Cause for which a censure can be imposed 306
disp. 5, On whom a censure can be imposed 320
disp. 6, Effects of censure in general 324
disp. 7, Absolution; modes by which a censure can be lifted 327
disp. 8, Excommunication 338
disp. 9, First effect of major excommunication: Privation of Church’s prayers and suffrages 339
disp. 10, Second effect: Privation of passive communication of sacraments
disp. 11, Third effect: Deprivation of active administration of sacraments and the mass 349
disp. 12, Fourth effect: Deprivation of divine offices and other sacred things 357
disp. 13, Fifth effect: Incapacity for ecclesiastical benefices or their fruits 362
disp. 14, Sixth effect: Deprivation of ecclesiastical jurisdiction 365
disp. 15, Seventh effect: Depriviation of civil communication, with several effects
disp. 16, Eighth effect: Deprivation of forensic communication 376
disp. 17, All other remote effects of excommunication
disp. 18, Causes of major excommunication 383
disp. 19, Absolution from excommunication 388
disp. 20, Certain excommunications in particular that are customarily imposed by man 390
disp. 21, Excommunications reserved to the Pope in the Bull Coenae Domini 395
disp. 22, Excommunications reserved to the Pope by law 399
disp. 23, Excommunications not reserved to the Pope 407
disp. 24, Minor excommunications 413
disp. 25, Suspension as to its essence and species 416
disp. 26, Suspension from office, what it is and what effects it has 418
disp. 27, Effects of suspension from benefice 423
disp. 28, Causes of suspension 426
disp. 29, Removal or absolution of suspension 430
disp. 30, Difference between suspension, deposition and degradation 433
disp. 31, Suspensions in particular which are imposed by the law itself 436
disp. 32, Interdict in general as to its essence and species 446
disp. 33, First effect: Privation of the sacraments
disp. 34, Second effect: Prohibition of divine offices 455
disp. 35, Third effect: Privation of ecclesiastical burial or entrance into a church 461
disp. 36, Causes of interdict 466
disp. 37, All interdicts imposed by the law itself 469
disp. 38, Relaxation of an interdict 471
disp. 39, Cessation from divine offices 474
disp. 40, Irregularity in general 479
disp. 41, Ways by which irregularity is removed, especially by dispensation 491
disp. 42, Irregularity contracted through an offense in the use of the sacraments 494
disp. 43, Irregularities that can be contracted from
other offenses or from their infamy 499
disp. 44, Irregularity contracted from the offense of voluntary homicide
disp. 45, Irregularity contracted from casual homicide 505
disp. 46, Irregularity contracted from necessary homicide or homicide committed in self-defense 509
disp. 47, Irregularity contracted from licit homicide on account of a defect of mildness 511
disp. 48, Irregularity contracted from infamy 518
disp. 49, Irregularity arising from bigamy [remarriage] 520
disp. 50, Irregularity arising from defect of birth 524
disp. 51, Irregularity contracted from an inculpable personal defect 527
Appendix 1, on Justice & Law
ch. 1, Justice in general 537
ch. 2, Law in general 538
ch. 3, Various species of real right 539
ch. 4, To whom and over what ownership belongs 544
ch. 5, Mode of acquiring ownership over things that belong to no one or are common 550
ch. 6, Mode of acquiring ownership through prescription 557
ch. 7, Injury and restitution in general 565
ch. 8, Restitution for injuries inflicted on spiritual goods of one’s neighbor 570
ch. 9, Restitution for injuries inflicted on the body of one’s neighbor by homicide or mutilation 572
ch. 10, Restitution for injuries inflicted on the body of one’s neighbor through fornication and adultery
ch. 11, Restitution for injuries inflicted through detraction and contumely 580
ch. 12, Restitution for injuries inflicted through theft 585
ch. 13, Restitution on account of cooperation in theft or harm 592
ch. 14, Restitution of a thing received 594
ch. 15, Order to be observed in restitution, the place and the expenses 597
ch. 16, Causes excusing from restitution 598
ch. 17, Contracts in general 599
ch. 18, Promise and donation 604
ch. 19, Deposit, sequestration and loan for use 609
ch. 20, Surety, insurance, pledge and mortgage 610
ch. 21, Loan 612
ch. 22, Usury 613
ch. 23, Pawnshops 620
ch. 24, Purchase, sale and trade 621
ch. 25, Annuities or annual revenues 627
ch. 26, Bills of exchange 630
ch. 27, Rent, lease, emphyteusis and fief 632
ch. 28, Contract of partnership 636
ch. 29, Insurance, wager and gambling 637
ch. 30, Testaments and their adjuncts 639
ch. 31, On the judge 643
ch. 32, Accuser and witness 647
ch. 33, Defendant and the advocate 649
ch. 34, Tributes and customs 651
ch. 35, Benefices 654
ch. 36, Obligations of beneficiaries 659
ch. 37, Pensions 661
Appendix 2, on Matrimony
pt. 1, Betrothal 663
pt. 2, Matrimony considered in itself 669
pt. 3, Matrimony as a sacrament 674
.
1900’s
eds. Salas, Victor M. & Robert L. Fastiggi – A Companion to Francisco Suarez (Brill, 1999) 385 pp.
Ch. 9 is on ‘Suarez’s Influence on Protestant Scholasticism: the Cases of Hollaz [Lutheran] & [Francis] Turretin’.
.
2000’s
Pereira, Jose – Suarez: between Scholasticism & Modernity (Marquette University Press, 2006) 375 pp.
Doyle, John P. – Collected Studies on Francisco Suárez, S.J. (1548-1617) Pre (2010) 416 pp.
Interpreting Suarez: Critical Essays (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2012) 228 pp.
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On Special Topics in Suarez
Metaphysics
Books
Novak, Lukas – Suárez’s Metaphysics in its Historical & Systematic Context Pre (2014) 354 pp. ToC
Rampelt, Jason M. – Reasonable Distinctions: The Academic Life of John Wallis (1616–1703) Pre (Brill, 2019) 332 pp. ToC
Wallis (1616-1703) was an English presbyterian and scribe at the Westminster Assembly. He was also a professor of mathematics at Oxford for over half a century, remembered as an important mathematician. He used Suarez’s theory of distinctions in his academic career.
Wallis’s “career spans the political tumult of the English Civil Wars, the religious upheaval of the Church of England, and the fascinating developments in mathematics and natural philosophy. His ability to navigate this terrain and advance human learning in the academic world was facilitated by his use of the Jesuit Francisco Suarez’s theory of distinctions. This Roman Catholic’s philosophy in the hands of a Protestant divine fostered an instrumentalism necessary to bridge the old and new. With this tool, Wallis brought modern science into the university and helped form the Royal Society.” – Abstract
Heider, Daniel – Universals in Second Scholasticism: A Comparative Study with Focus on the Theories of Francisco Suárez S.J. (1548–1617), João Poinsot O.P. (1589–1644) and Bartolomeo Mastri da Meldola O.F.M. Conv. (1602–1673)/Bonaventura Belluto O.F.M. Conv. (1600–1676) (Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2014) 344 pp.
See this review by Sydney Penner. Penner:
“Part of Heider’s project is to argue that Suárez was in fact a moderate realist, despite widespread characterizations of him, both by his immediate successors and by recent scholars, as essentially a nominalist. Such characterizations gain strength from Suárez’s own statement that he perhaps differed from the nominalists only modo loquendi (97). Heider, however, argues that it makes more sense to regard Suárez as a moderate realist, of broadly the same stripe as Poinsot, Mastri, and Belluto. It is not always entirely clear, though, wherein Heider disagrees with other commentators. Do they offer substantively different interpretations of Suárez, or are they using different taxonomies, with more or less strict usages of the term “nominalist?” In particular, it is worth noting that, if the crude, but widely used, division between realism and nominalism is employed, moderate realism is a species of nominalism, rather than the realism its name suggests.
The great strength of this book is Heider’s masterful, detailed examination of three representative accounts from sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Scholasticism. Suárez offers an original blend of Thomist, Scotist, and nominalist elements; Poinsot’s account is more purely ad mentem Thomi, while Mastri and Belluto take an approach ad mentem Scoti. Of course, there were other streams of thought in the period, but Heider reasonably takes these to be the most important ones…
Heider rightly presents Suárez as the first Scholastic of a venerable early modern tradition, rather than as the last schoolman. The present volume decisively dismantles the latter characterization.”
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Free Choice
Book
Burns, Josephine – The Early Theory of Human Choice in the Philosophy of Francisco Suarez (1967) 345 pp. ToC
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Salvation
Book
O’Brien, Joseph – Reparation for Sin: a Study of the Doctrine of Francis Suarez, S.J. (Mundelein, IL: St. Mary of the Lake Seminary, 1960) 215 pp. ToC
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Perception
Book
Daniel Heider – Aristotelian Subjectivism: Francisco Suárez’s Philosophy of Perception in Studies in the History of Philosophy of Mind, #28 Buy (Springer, 2021) 315 pp.
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Politics
Book
Francisco Suarez: Addresses in Commemoration of his Contribution to International Law & Politics, delivered at the Catholic University of America, 10 April 1933 (Washington, 1933) 60 pp. ToC
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Related Pages
Contra Medieval Theology’s Errors
On the Theology, Philosophy & Thought of the Medieval Church
Metaphysics: Particular Issues
Duns Scotus in English & on his Thought
On the Reception of Duns Scotus in Church History
Where the Reformed Agreed & Disagreed with Aquinas
On the Reception of Aquinas in Church History
Thomism & Scholastic Philosophy
On Reformed Orthodoxy & Reformed Scholasticism
Medieval Church & Renaissance History
The Early & Medieval Church Fathers on Scripture
Early & Medieval Biblical Commentary Series
The Writings of the Early & Medieval Church Fathers in English