On the Similarities & Differences between the Old & New Testaments

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Subsections

State of Saints Under OT
Dispensationalism

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Order of Contents

Articles  6+
Latin  1


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Articles

1500’s

Melanchthon, Philip – 16. ‘Of the Difference between the Old & New Testaments’  in Melanchthon on Christian Doctrine, Loci Communes, 1555  tr. Clyde L. Manschreck  (1555; NY: Oxford Univ. Press, 1965), pp. 192-95

Vermigli, Peter Martyr – 16. ‘Of the Likeness & Unlikeness of the Old & New League or Covenant’  in The Common Places…  (London: Henrie Denham et al., 1583), pt. 2, pp. 582-99

Calvin, John

7. ‘Of the Similarities & Differences between the Old & New Testaments’  in Institutes of the Christian Religion: 1541 French Edition  tr. Elsie A. McKee  (1541; Eerdmans, 2009), pp. 385-414

Institutes of the Christian Religion  tr. Henry Beveridge  (1559; Edinburgh: Calvin Translation Society, 1845), vol. 1, bk. 2

9. ‘Christ, though known to the Jews under the Law, yet only manifested under the Gospel’  492

10. ‘The resemblance between the Old Testament & the New’  499

11. ‘The difference between the two Testaments’  525

Musculus, Wolfgang – Common Places of the Christian Religion  (1560; London, 1563)

‘Covenant & Testament of God’  120.a
‘Difference of the Old & New Testament’  124.a

Beza, Theodore – Ch. 3, 18. The agreement and difference of the Old and New Testament  in A Brief & Pithy Sum of the Christian Faith made in Form of a Confession  (London, 1565)

Ursinus, Zachary – In what the Old & New Covenant agree, and in what they differ  in The Sum of Christian Religion: Delivered…  in his Lectures upon the Catechism…  tr. Henrie Parrie  (d. 1583; Oxford, 1587), Of the Covenant, 3. Whether there be but one Covenant

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1600’s

Bucanus, William – 22. ‘Of the Agreement & Discrepancy of the Old & New Testament’  in Institutions of Christian Religion...  (London: Snowdon, 1606), pp. 213-24

What signifies the word ‘testament’?
Seeing the word berith does not signify a testament, but that is a covenant amongst them who live, 1 Kings 5:12, why do the Greek interpreters of the Bible call the covenant made by God with men a ‘testament’?
Of what parts consists the testament betwixt God and men?
Has God made more, or only one covenant with men?
But does not the Scripture mention two covenants?
How are these two testimonies one, which are so diverse?
How do they agree in the efficient cause?
How are they all one in matter?
How do they agree in the form?
How agree they in the end or mark whereat they drive?
How prove you this?
Seeing that in substance there is one only Testament, why is it called two testaments, namely the Old and the New?
Therefore in what does the diversity of the covenant consist?
What is the first difference?
What is the other difference?
What is the third difference?
What is the fourth difference?
What is the last difference?
But may not God seem mutable or unlike Himself, seeing He has changed that which once He purposed?
What therefore is the Old Testament?
What is the New Testament?
When was this ordained?
But why is one and the same Testament called Old and New?
Who made this will or Testament?
Who are the hearers?
What is the inheritance?
What are the tables of the Testament?
What seals are there to this Testament?
What is the use of this doctrine?
What opinions are against this doctrine?

Rivet, Andrew – 23. ‘On the Old & New Testament’  in Synopsis of a Purer Theology: Latin Text & English Translation  Buy  (1625; Brill, 2016), vol. 1, pp. 574-603

Turretin, Francis – Institutes of Elenctic Theology, tr. George M. Giger, ed. James Dennison Jr.  (1679–1685; P&R, 1994)

vol. 1, 11th Topic

23. ‘Whether the moral law is abrogated entirely under the New Testament.  Or whether in a certain respect it still pertains to Christians.  The former we deny; the latter we affirm against the Antinomians.’  141-45

vol. 2, 12th Topic

1. ‘The origin and meaning of the words bryth, diathekesfoedusepangelias and evangelium used here.’  169

5. ‘Was the covenant of grace one and the same as to substance under each dispensation?  We affirm against the Socinians, Anabaptists and Remonstrants.’ 192

7. ‘Why did God will to dispense the single covenant of grace in different ways?  In how many ways was it dispensed?  And what was its economy?’ 216

8. ‘How the old and new covenants differ from each other: whether essentially (as to substance of doctrine) or accidentally (as to the manner of dispensation).  We make distinctions.’ 233

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1700’s

à Brakel, Wilhelmus – ‘Differences Between the Old & New Testament Church as to the Manner of Worship’  in The Christian’s Reasonable Service, vol. 4  ed. Joel Beeke, trans. Bartel Elshout  Buy  (1700; RHB, 1992/1999), Appendix: Administration of the Covenant of Grace in the Old & New Testaments, ch. 6, ‘The New Testament Church from the Birth of Jesus Christ to the Revelation of John’, pp. 506-11

a Brakel (1635-1711) was a contemporary of Voet and Witsius and a major representative of the Dutch Further Reformation.


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Latin Article

1600’s

Alsted, Johann H. – ch. 9, ‘On the Difference & Similarity Between the Old & New Testaments’  in Theological Common Places Illustrated by Perpetual Similitudes  (Frankfurt, 1630), pp. 53-56

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Related Pages

Hermeneutics

Covenant of Grace

Infant Baptism

The General Equity of the Old Testament Civil Laws