“Behold, I was shapen in iniquity; and in sin did my mother conceive me.”
Ps. 51:5
“And Mary said, ‘…my spirit hath rejoiced in God my Saviour.”
Lk. 1:46-7
“And when they wanted wine, the mother of Jesus saith unto Him, ‘They have no wine.’ Jesus saith unto her, ‘Woman, what have I to do with thee?'”
Jn. 2:3
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Order of Contents
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Articles
1500’s
Willet, Andrew – Synopsis Papismi, that is, A General View of Papistry... (1592)
9th Controversy, 2nd Part, 9th Question, ‘Concerning the Virgin Mary’
1st part, ‘Whether the Virgin Mary were Void of Original and Actual Sin?’
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Appendix, or pt. 5, ‘Of the Merits of the Virgin, and of the Ave Maria’
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1600’s
Heidegger, Johann H. – ‘A Historical Theological Dissertation on the Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary’ (1672) in Various Disputations tr. by AI by Onku (d. 1698), pp. 187-210 Latin
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In Romanism
In Thomism
Cajetan, Thomas – On the Immaculate Conception tr. by AI by Onku in Works, containing Thirteen most usfeul Treatises (d. 1534), vol. 2
Following Augustine and Aquinas, the Dominicans (of whom Cajetan was a part) saw the need for the doctrine of the universal depravity of man in principle. Aquinas, in holding to a certain necessity of Christ’s redemption, argued against the immaculate conception. He held that Mary was sanctified in the womb after conception rather than being conceived without original sin, seeking to safeguard Christ’s unique role in redemption and in being conceived without sin.
Some Dominicans later began to reinterpret Aquinas’ teachings to accommodate the doctrine of the immaculate conception. They argued that Aquinas’s understanding of Mary’s sanctification could allow for a form of preservation from original sin (and hence Christ being her savior in that regard) that did not compromise the principle of the universality of original sin nor undermine the necessity of Christ’s redemptive act.
Cajetan (1469–1534), a cardinal and interpreter of Aquinas, as well as a leading opponent of Luther, is well-known for his stance against the immaculate conception. He rigorously upheld Aquinas’ position. Cajetan feared the doctrine of the immaculate conception could undermine both the universality of original sin and the need for all humans, including Mary, to be redeemed through Christ.
By the time Pope Pius IX formally defined the Immaculate Conception as dogma for Romanists in 1854, the Dominican Order had come to accept it.
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1. On the twofold way of discerning those things which are of faith,
or opposed to it 1
2. That the question of conception is not necessarily to be believed 3
3. Which opinion concerning conception is opposed to faith 4
4. How probable is the opinion holding that the blessed Virgin was
conceived in original sin 7
5. How much the arguments of those holding that the Blessed Virgin
was preserved from original sin are worth 10-15
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Latin
Articles
1600’s
Chamier, Daniel – bk. 5, ‘Of the Original Sin of those born of the Faithful & of the Controversy about the Virgin Mary’ in Panstratiae Catholicae, or a Body of the Controversies of Religion Against the Papists (Frankfurt, 1627-1629), vol. 3, pp. 55-79. The section begins to explicitly treat of Mary in ch. 2, on p. 55.
Du Mulin, Peter – 21. ‘Original Sin, part 1: Is there Original Sin? In Whom is it & is it Removed in Baptism? Nor is the Virgin Mary Immune from This’ in A Collection of the Theological Disputations Held at Various Times in the Academy of Sedan (Geneva, 1661), vol. 1, pp. 186-194
Du Moulin (1568-1658)
Heidegger, Johann H. – A Historical-Theological Disputation on the Conception of the Blessed, Virgin Mary, Nay, Rather, on that One, Gracious, Immaculate Lamb, Jesus Christ (Zurich, 1672) 35 pp.
Heidegger was a Swiss reformed professor.
Andrea, Samuel – p. 31, Corollary 3 in A Theological Disquisition on the Nativity of Immanuel from the Virgin, According to the Prophecy in Isaiah 7:14 (Marburg, 1679)
Andrea (1640-1699) was a German, reformed professor of rhetoric, history and theology at Marburg.
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“For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God;”
Rom. 3:23
“And it was told Him by certain which said, ‘Thy mother and thy brethren stand without, desiring to see thee.’ And He answered and said unto them, ‘My mother and my brethren are these which hear the word of God, and do it.'”
Lk. 8:20-21
“…and his mother said unto Him, ‘Son, why hast thou thus dealt with us? behold, thy father and I have sought thee sorrowing.’ And He said unto them, ‘How is it that ye sought me? wist ye not that I must be about my Father’s business?'”
Lk. 2:49-49
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Related Pages
On the Perpetual Virginity of Mary