“But He turned, and said unto Peter, ‘Get thee behind me, Satan: thou art an offence unto me: for thou savourest not the things that be of God, but those that be of men.'”
Matt 16:23
“…and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition; who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God.”
2 Thess. 2:3,4
“For such are false apostles, deceitful workers, transforming themselves into the apostles of Christ. And no marvel; for Satan himself is transformed into an angel of light.”
2 Cor. 11:13-14
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Subsections
The Roman Church is a Church, her Baptism Valid, the Reformers’ Ministerial
. Calling was Valid, Necessity of Separation from Her & Whether Romanists
. may be Saved
Works Against Bellarmine
Romanist Systematic Theologies
Authoritative Documents of Romanism
Doctrines
7 Sacraments
Classifications & Degrees of Sin; Distinction Between Venial & Mortal Sin
Perpetual Virginity of Mary
Immaculate Conception of Mary
Concupiscence; Desires of & Pre-Motions to Sin are Sinful, Even Without
. an Explicit Consent of the Will
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Order of Contents
Against the System of Romanism
. For Children 1
. Catechisms 3
. Articles 52+
. Collection of Articles – Turretin
. Books 110+
. Poetry & Songs 8
History 8
. Antiquity of Protestantism & Late Rise & Novelty of Romanism 14
. Roman Forgeries & Misrepresentations 4
. Jesuits 5
. Origins of the Rosary
Apostolic Succession 1
Indelible Mark in Ordination
Roman Miracles 3
Relics
Council of Trent 18+
Letters to Romanists 6
Converts’ Testimonies from Romanism to Protestantism 14
Satire 7
Economics 2
Bibliographies 5
Latin 20
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Against the System of Romanism
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For Children
A Protestant Catechism for Little Children, or Plain Scripture Against Popery (London, 1673) 11 pp.
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Catechisms
1600’s
Mico, John – A Pill to Purge out Popery: or, A Catechism for Romish Catholics, showing that Popery is Contrary to the Grounds of the Catholic Religion, and that Therefore Papists Cannot be Good Catholics (London, 1623; rep. 1677)
* A Minister – No Popery, or a Catechism Against Popery, wherein the Heretical Doctrines, idolatrous worship and superstitious practices of the Roman Church are briefly yet plainly refuted and the Protestant principles proved by Testimonies of Holy Scripture & Evidence of Reason (London, 1682)
Beverley, Thomas – A Catholic Catechism, Showing the Impossibility [that] the [True] Catholic Religion Should be Varied to the Degree of a Thought from the Measures Left Sealed by the Apostles, without the loss of Truth, and Therefore [showing] the Impossibility [of] Popery, or whatever else is not found in Scripture, should be Catholic… (London, 1683) 148 pp.
Beverley (d. 1702) was an Ebglish puritan.
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Articles Against the System of Romanism
1500’s
Traheron, Bartholomew – A Warning to England to Repent and to Turn to God from Idolatry and Popery, by the Terrible Example of Calece… ([Wesel?] 1558) 26 pp.
Traheron (1510?–1558?) was an English reformer who was exiled during the reign of the Romanist, Bloody Mary (1553-8) in England, when this work was printed, from Germany.
Constant, Leonard – A Christian & Wholesome Admonition Directed to the Frenchmen which are Revolted from True Religion and have Polluted Themselves with the Superstition & Idolatry of Popery trans. Christopher Fetherstone (London [1587]) 130 pp.
Constant (d. 1610)
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1600’s
Carew, Thomas – ‘Against Popery’ on Mt. 16:18 being the first sermon in Four Godly & Profitable Sermons Preached by Maister Thomas Carew, the First Against Popery or False Religion… (London, 1605)
Carew (d. 1616) was an English puritan.
I.D. – A Protestation Against Popery, by Way of a Confession of Christian Religion, Collected for the Benefit of Private Friends (Oxford, 1607) 38 pp.
Du Moulin, Pierre
* Oppositions of the Word of God, Together with the Doctrine of the Roman Church, Moreover, What Points are Held by the Same Church which She Hides from Those whom She Means to Draw to Her Faction (London, 1610) 17 pp.
Du Moulin (1568-1658) was a reformed, Huguenot minister in France who also resided in England for some years. He was involved extensively in combatting Romanism in print.
This work enumerates 38 false teachings and practices of Romanism, contrary to the Word of God. At the end (pp. 13-17) is a section on: ‘Certain points held in the Roman Church which they would hide from those whom they mean to draw to their faction’.
A Short View of the Chief Points in Controversy Between the Reformed Churches & the Church of Rome in Two Letters to the Duke of Bouillon, upon his Turning Papist… (London, 1680) 88 pp.
Hay, Peter – A Vision of Balaam’s Ass, wherein he did perfectly see the present estate of the Church of Rome, written… for the reformation of his countrymen (London, 1616) 286 pp. ToC
Hay was a gentleman of North Britain. The work is dedicated to the king, and George Abbot, the archbishop of Canterbury, who also wrote against Romanism (below on this page).
Garey, Samuel – ‘A Short Dissuasive to All Lay-Papists who Desire to be True Servants to their Savior, or good Subject to their Sovereign’ 38 pp. in Great Britain’s Little Calendar: or Triple Diary… 5. Whereunto is annexed a Short dissuasive from Popery (London, 1618)
Garey (1582 or 83 – 1646) was a preacher.
Abbot, Robert – The Danger of Popery: or a Sermon Preached… upon 2 Thess. 2:12, Wherein the Marks of Anti-Christianism and Signs of Truth are Opened & Applied, and the question of the saving and damning of those that follow Antichrist is Explained by the Scriptures (London, 1625) 42 pp.
Abbot (1560-1617) was a reformed Anglican bishop, a professor of divinity at Oxford, and a major polemical writer against Romanism. George Abbot (who also wrote against Romanism, below on this page), the archibishop of Canterbury was his younger brother.
Yates, John – Ibis ad Cæsarem, or a Submissive Appearance before Cæsar; in Answer to Mr. Moutague’s Appeal (entitled Appello Cæsarem), in the Points of Arminianism & Popery, Maintained & Defended by Him Against the Doctrine of the Church of England, vol. 3 (1626) 46 pp. The work is well organized into topical subheadings of beliefs of Romanists, which Yates refutes.
Yates (fl. 1612-1657 or 1660) was a reformed Anglican cleric and divine, and an editor of Jeremiah Burroughs’s and William Bridge’s works.
Kaye, William – Satisfaction for all such as Oppose Reformation, in a Confutation of Twelve Practices of Popery, proved to be Condemned by Christ and his Apostles: with an Answer also made to Mr. Oddy’s Objections which he Wrote Against the Covenant to which is also added a True Character of the Covenant (London, 1647) 33 pp.
Kaye was an English minister and covenanter.
Owen, John
* The Chamber of Imagery in the Church of Rome Laid Open, or an Antidote Against Popery, a Sermon (1652) 47 pp.
Owen was an Independent, English puritan.
* The Church of Rome, No Safe Guide, or Reasons to Prove that No Rational Man who takes due care of his own Eternal Salvation can give Himself up unto the Conduct of that Church in Matters of Religion (London, 1679) being two sermons 47 pp.
“Were a man in a wilderness where are a multitude of cross paths, all pretending to lead unto an inhabited City, whither he must go or perish; if he see men not only contending some for one way, some for another, but killing and destroying one another, about the preference of the several ways they esteem best and safest; he deserves to wander and perish, if he refuse a guide that is tendered unto him with sufficient evidence of his truth and faithfulness.”
* Choice Texts of Holy Scripture Against the Principal Points of Popery, in Difference Betwixt Them & the Protestants (London, 1663) 8 pp. Laid out in a table
Baxter, Richard
A Winding-Sheet for Popery (London, 1657) 13 pp.
Baxter was an Independent, English puritan.
Select Arguments & Reasons Against Popery (1675) 6 pp. 11 Arguments & 9 Reasons
Durham, James – A Commentary upon the Book of the Revelation… (Edinburgh, 1658)
Lecture 1, ch. 9, ‘Concerning the Comfortless Grounds that Popery Lays Down for the Comforting of Poor Afflicted Consciences’
Durham describes the Romanist theory of penance, confession, absolution and purgatory in detail, with its difficulties.
* Lecture 2, ‘Concerning the Idolatry of the Church of Rome’
Carpenter, Richard – Rome in her Fruits, being a Sermon Preached… in the which Sermon the author sets up his standard in opposition to the fruits and practices of Rome, and likewise answers in brief a late pamphlet, entitled ‘Reasons why Roman Catholics should not be Persecuted’ (London, 1663) 32 pp. Dedicated to the House of Commons
Carpenter (c.1604-1670) was an Anglican who converted to Rome in 1625, but returned to the Church of England after 1635.
Burnet, Gilbert – The Mystery of Iniquity Unveiled in a Discourse, wherein is held forth the Opposition of the Doctrine, Worship & Practices of the Roman Church to the Nature, Designs & Characters of the Christian Faith (London, 1673) 161 pp.
Burnet (1643-1715) was a Scottish philosopher and historian, and later a latitudinarian, Arminian, Anglican Bishop of Salisbury in England. He was fluent in Dutch, French, Latin, Greek, and Hebrew. Burnet was highly respected as a cleric, a preacher, an academic, a writer and a historian. He was always closely associated with the Whig party, and was one of the few close friends in whom King William III confided.
A Person of Honor – A Protestant Antidote Against Popery, with a Brief Discourse of the Great Atheisticalness & Vain Amours now in Fashion. Written in a Letter to a Young Lady (Dublin, 1673) 176 pp.
Chillingworth, William – Reasons against Popery, in a Letter from Mr. William Chillingworth to his friend, Mr. Lewger, persuading him to Return to his Mother, the Church of England, from the Corrupt Church of Rome (London, 1673) 8 pp.
Chillingworth (1602-1644) was an Arminian Anglican, anti-Sabbatarian controversialist who disagreed with a part of the Athanasian Creed. He became persuaded initially of Romanism by the Jesuit John Percy (alias, John Fisher) in 1630, though began to dispute against Romanism in 1631.
Lloyd, William
A Seasonable Discourse Showing the Necessity of Maintaining the Established Religion in Opposition to Popery
(London, 1673)
Lloyd (1627-1717) was a latitudinarian Anglican bishop.
Papists No Catholics, & Popery No Christianity (London, 1677)
Beaulieu, Luke
Planes Apokalypsis. Popery Manifested, or the Papist Incognito made Known by way of Dialogue Betwixt a Papist Priest, Protestant Gentleman & Presbyterian Divine. In Two Parts (London, 1673) 75 pp.
Beaulieu (1644 or 45 – 1723) was a Huguenot exile and Anglican cleric in England. He was antagonistic to presbyterians in this work.
A Discourse Showing that Protestants are on the Safer Side, notwithstanding the Uncharitable Judgment of their Adversaries, and that their Religion is the Surest Way to Heaven (London, 1687) 43 pp.
* J.N. – The Plain Man’s Defence Against Popery: or a Discourse Showing the Flat Opposition of Popery to the Scripture (London, 1675)
J.N. was a ‘chaplain to a person of honor’.
Dodwell, Henry – Two Short Discourses Against the Romanists (London, 1676) 120 pp.
Dodwell (1641-1711) was an Anglican-Irish scholar, theologian and controversial writer (who defended the non-juring bishops). Edward Gibbon spoke of his learning as ‘immense’ and that his ‘skill in employing facts is equal to his learning,’ although he severely criticized his method and style.
Comber, Thomas
Friendly & Seasonable Advice to the Roman Catholics of England by a Charitable Hand (London, 1677) 152 pp.
Comber (1645-1699) was an Anglican and the Dean of Durham. In the troubled reign of the Romanist king, James II (1685-88), Comber became conspicuous as a champion of the cause of protestantism.
The Plausible Arguments of a Romish Priest Answered by an English Protestant, Seasonable & Useful for All Protestant Families (London, 1686) 54 pp. ToC
Thomas was an Anglican clergyman.
Poole (1624–1679) was an English puritan who was likely assasinated through poison by Romanists. See also, Thomas Harley, Matthew Poole: His Life, His Times, His Contributions Along with His Argument Against The Infallibility of the Roman Catholic Church (2009) Buy
Williams, John – Christianity Abused by the Church of Rome & Popery Showed to be a Corruption of it, being an Answer to a Late Printed Paper given about by Papists, in a Letter to a Gentleman (London, 1679) 21 pp.
Williams (1636-1709) was an Anglican bishop.
Owen, Thankfull – A True & Lively Representation of Popery, showing that Popery is only New-Modelled Paganism & Perfectly Destructive of the Great Ends & Purposes of God in the Gospel (London, 1679)
Owen argues in favor of ‘the Reformed religion’.
L’Estrange, Roger
The Reformed Catholic, or the True Protestant (London, 1679) 35 pp.
L’Estrange No Papist Nor Jesuite: Discussed in a Short Discourse Between Philo-L’Estrange and Pragmaticus (1681) 18 pp.
Sir L’Esrange (1616-1704) an English pamphleteer, royalist and was against presbyterianism, as is seen in this work. He wrote an acclaimed translation of the works of Flavius Josephus in 1702.
A.B. – A Dissuasive from Popery, Sent in a Letter from A.B. to C.D.
(Dublin, 1681)
Jekyll, Thomas – Popery, a Great Mystery of Iniquity, Proved in a Sermon… (London, 1681) 32 pp.
Jekyll (1646-1698) was an Anglican clergyman.
Johnson, Samuel – ‘A Comparison of Popery & Paganism’ in Julian the Apostate… Together with a Comparison of Popery & Paganism (London, 1682), pp. 64-118
Johnson (1649-1703)
1685-88
For the time period of 1685-88, see the many Anglican articles and works against Popery contained in the multivolume set edited by Gibson under Books, 1800’s, below.
Also see the even more comprehensive bibliography below on this webpage.
A Short Dissuasive from Popery, & from Countenancing & Encouraging of Papists (London, 1685)
Gordon, James – A Request to Roman Catholics to Answer the Queries upon these their following Tenets, by a Moderate Son of the Church of England (London, 1687)
Gordon (1640?-1714)
Oates (1649-1705) was a doctor of divinity.
Barlow, Thomas – A Few Plain Reasons why a Protestant of the Church of England should not turn Roman Catholic, by a Real Catholic of the Church of England (London, 1688)
Barlow (c.1608-1691) was a reformed Anglican bishop and academic. He was among the last English bishops to dub the Pope Antichrist.
Barecroft, Charles – A Letter to a Lady Furnishing her with Scripture Testimonies Against the Principal Points and Doctrines of Popery (London, 1688) 80 pp.
Anon. – The Character of Popery ([London?, 1688?]) 2 pp.
Ellis, Clement – The Protestant Resolved, or a Discourse Showing the Unreasonableness of his Turning Roman Catholic for Salvation
2nd ed. (London, 1688)
Ellis (1630-1700)
Marvell, Andrew – Mr. Andrew Marvell’s Character of Popery (London, 1689)
Marvell (1621-1678) was an English metaphysical poet, satirist and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1659 and 1678. During the Commonwealth period he was a colleague and friend of John Milton.
Talbot, William – The Spirit of Popery Tried, Whether it be of God, a Sermon Preached before the King… (London, 1699) on 1 Jn. 4:1
Talbot (1658 or 9-1730)
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1700’s
Lowman, Moses – The Principles of Popery Schismatical, a Sermon… (London, 1735) 48 pp.
Lowman (1680–1752) was an English presbyterian, known as a Biblical commentator.
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1800’s
* Webster, Thomas – p. 11 of Lecture 1 of Tavistock Lectures (London, 1836) as excerpted in a preface to John Davenant, The Determinations, or Resolutions of Certain Theological Questions, Publicly Discussed in the University of Cambridge trans. Josiah Allport (1634; 1846) bound at the end of John Davenant, A Treatise on Justification, or the Disputatio de Justitia... trans. Josiah Allport (1631; London, 1846), vol. 2, p. 204
Brown, Charles – ‘The Strength of Popery: its Leading Elements of Influence & Power: its Tenets a Deceitful Counterfeit of the Great Truths of Scripture: a Lecture’ (1851) 40 pp.
Brown (1806–1884) was a minister and moderator of the Free Church of Scotland.
Girardeau, John – ‘Romanism’, with an Appendix, Buy two chapters from his Discussions of Theological Questions, see the Buy link for the table of contents.
Girardeau was an American, Southern presbtyerian and professor of theology.
M’Crie, Jr., Thomas – ‘The Supremacy of the Pope: a Lecture’ (1851) 40 pp.
M’Crie was originally a minister in the Scottish Secession Church who came into the Free Church of Scotland and was known as a historian of the Scottish Church.
Miller, Samuel – ‘An Introductory Essay‘ to A History of Popery, Including its Origin, Progress, Doctrines, Practice, Institutions & Fruits, to the Commencement of the Nineteenth Century (1834) 15 pp. The book is authored by ‘A Watchman’.
Miller was an American presbyterian and the second professor at old Princeton Seminary as a professor of Church history.
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2000’s
Johnson, Charles – ‘No, Roman Catholic authors are not better on the doctrine of God’ (2023) 10 reasons
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A Collection of Articles Against the System of Romanism by Francis Turretin (d. 1687)
* Institutes of Elenctic Theology, 3 vols. (P&R)
vol. 1
1st Topic, ‘Theology’
Q. 11, ‘Is there any use of the Testimony of the Senses in Mysteries of Faith; or ought it to be Entirely Rejected? We Affirm the Former & Deny the Latter.’ 34-37 [with respect to transubstantiation]
2nd Topic, ‘The Holy Scriptures, the Word of God’
Q. 3, ‘Were the Sacred Scriptures Written Only Occasionally and Without the Divine Command? We Deny Against the Papists. 60-62
Q. 6, ‘From what Source does the Divine Authority of the Scriptures Become Known to Us? Does it Depend upon the Testimony of the Church Either as to Itself or as to Us? We Deny Against the Papists. 85-95
Q. 9, ‘Ought Tobit, Judith, Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus, the Two First Books of the Maccabees, Baruch, the Additions to Esther & Daniel to be Numbered Among the Canonical Books? We Deny Against the Papists. 102-106
Q. 10, ‘Have the Original Texts of the Old & New Testaments Come Down to Us Pure & Uncorrupted? We Affirm Against the Papists. 106-112
Q. 11, ‘Are the Hebrew Version of the Old Testament & the Greek of the New the Only Authentic Versions? We Affirm Against the Papists. 112-116
Q. 14, ‘Is the Septuagint Version of the Old Testament Authentic? We deny. 127-131
Q. 15, ‘Is the Vulgate Authentic? We Deny Against the Papists. 131-134
Q. 16, ‘Do the Scriptures so Perfectly Contain All Things Necessary to Salvation that There is no Need of Unwritten (agraphois) Traditions After it? We Affirm Against the Papists. 131-134
Q. 17, ‘Are the Scriptures so Perspicuous in Things Necessary to Salvation that they can be Understood by Believers Without the External Help of Oral (agraphou) Tradition or Ecclesiastical Authority? We Affirm Against the Papists. 143-147
Q. 18, ‘Can the Scriptures be Profitably Read by Any Believer, and Ought He to Read Them Without Permission? We Affirm Against the Papists. 147-149
Q. 19, ‘Whether the Scriptures Have a Fourfold Sense: Literal, Allegorical, Anagogical & Tropological. We Deny Against the Papists. 149-54
Q. 20, ‘Whether the Scriptures (or God Speaking in Them) are the Supreme & Infallible Judge of Controversies & the Interpreter of the Scriptures. Or Whether the Church or the Roman Pontiff is. We Affirm the Former & Deny the Latter Against the Papists. 154-162
Q. 21, ‘Are the Writings of the Fathers the Rule of Truth in Doctrines of Faith & in the Interpretation of the Scriptures? We Deny Against the Papists. 162-169
3rd Topic, ‘The One & Triune God’
Q. 13, ‘Is There a Middle Knowledge in God Between the Natural & the Free? We Deny Against the Jesuits, Socinians & Remonstrants. 212-218
4th Topic, ‘The Decrees of God in General & Predestination in Particular’
Q. 3, ‘Are There Conditional Decrees? We Deny Against the Socinians, Remonstrants & Jesuits. 316-19
Q. 13, ‘Can the Believer be Certain of his Own Election with a Certainty Not Only Conjectural & Moral, but Infallible & of Faith? We Affirm Against the Papists & Remonstrants. 373-80
5th Topic, ‘Creation’
Q. 9, ‘Was Man Created in Puris Naturalibus, or Could He Have Been so Created? We Deny Against the Pelagians & Scholastics. 462-464
Q. 10, In What Consisted the Image of God in Which Man was Created? 464-70
Q. 11, ‘Was Original Righteousness Natural or Supernatural? The Former we Affirm, the Latter we Deny Against the Romanists. 470-73
6th Topic, ‘The Actual Providence of God’
Q. 4, ‘Is Providence Occupied Only in the Conservation & Sustenation of Things; or also in the Government (Through which God Himself Acts & Efficaciously Concurs with Them by a Concourse Not General & Indifferent, but Particular, Specific & Immediate)? We Deny the Former & Affirm the Latter, Against the Jesuits, Socinians & Remonstrants. 501-505
Q. 8, ‘Whether it Follows & Can be Elicited by Legitimate Consequence from our Doctrine that we make God the Author of Sin. We Deny Against the Romanists, Socinians, Remonstrants & Lutherans. 528-35
7th Topic
Q. 7, ‘Is There any Order Among the Angels and are There Distinct Hierarchies Among Them? The Former we Affirm; the Latter we Deny Against the Jews & Romanists. 551-555
Q. 9, ‘Are Angels our Intercessors with God, and is Any Religious Worship Due to Them? We Deny Against the Romanists. 560-569
9th Topic
Q. 2, ‘Whether the Hekousion or Voluntary (inasmuch as it is of him who Knowingly & Willingly does Anything) is of the Essence of Sin? We Deny Against the Papists & Socinians.’ 593-94
Q. 3, ‘Whether Guilt is the Formal of Sin, or its Inseparable Adjunct, or Only its Effect. And Whether it May Well be Distinguished into Guilt of Culpability & of Punishment.’ 594-96
Q. 4, ‘Whether All Sins of Themselves & in Their Own Nature Mortal [deadly]. Or Whether any Venial [slight & excusable] Sin can be Granted. The Former we Affirm; the Latter we Deny Against the Papists.’ 596-601
Q. 9, ‘Whether the Actual Disobedience of Adam is Imputed by an Immediate and Antecedent Imputation to All his Posterity Springing from Him by Natural Generation. We Affirm.’ 613-29
Q. 11, ‘Whether Original Sin has Corrupted the Very Essence of the Soul. Also Whether it is a Mere Privation or a Certain Positive Quality Too.’ 636-40
10th Topic, ‘The Free Will of Man in a State of Sin’
Q. 2, ‘Whether Every Necessity is Repugnant to Freedom of Will. We Deny Against the Papists & Remonstrants.’ 661-65
Q. 4, ‘Whether the Free Will in a State of Sin is so a Servant of and Enslaved by Sin that it can do Nothing but Sin; or Whether it Still has the Power to Incline Itself to Good, not Only Civil & Externally Moral, but Internal & Spiritual, Answering Accurately to the Will of God Prescribed in the Law. The Former We Affirm; the Latter We Deny, Against the Papists, Socinians & Remonstrants.’ 668-83
Q. 5, ‘Whether the Virtues of the Heathen were Good Works From which the Power of Free Will to Good can be Inferred. We Deny Against the Papists. 683
vol. 2
11th Topic, ‘The Law of God’
Q. 3, ‘Is the Moral Law so Perfect a Rule of Life & Morals that Nothing can be Added to it or Ought to be Corrected in it for the True Worship of God? Or did Christ Fulfill it Not Only as Imperfect, but Also Correct it as Contrary to his Doctrines? The Former we Affirm; the Latter we Deny Against the Socinians, Anabaptists, Remonstrants & Papists.’ 18-28
Q. 4, ‘May Anything be Added to the Moral Law in the Way of Counsel? We Deny Against the Papists.’ 28-32
On the 10 Commandments
Q. 5, ‘Are Four Precepts Rightly Assigned to the First Table & Six to the Second? We Affirm.’ 32-34
Q. 7, ‘Is God Alone to be Worshipped & Invoked? Or is it Lawful to Invoke & Religiously Worship Deceased Saints? We Affirm the Former & Deny the Latter Against the Papists.’ 38-47
Q. 8, ‘Should the Bodies of Saints & Relics be Adored with Religious Worship? We Deny Against the Papists.’ 47-51
Q. 9, ‘Is it Lawful to Religiously Worship Images of God, the Holy Trinity, Christ, the Virgin & Other Deceased Saints? We Deny Against the Papists.’ 51-62
Q. 10, ‘Whether Not Only the Worship but also the Formation and Use of Religious Images in Sacred Places is Prohibited by the Second Commandment. We Affirm Against the Lutherans.’ 62-66
Q. 12. ‘Whether it is Lawful to Use Ambiguous Equivocations & Mental Reservations in Oaths. We Deny Against the Papists & Especially the Jesuits. 70-77
Q. 14, ‘Whether the Institution of the Lord’s Day is Divine or Human; whether it is of Necessary & Perpetual or of Free & Mutable Observance. The Former we Affirm & the Latter we Deny (as to Both Parts). 92-104
Q. 15, ‘Whether it Belongs to the Faith in the New Testament that Besides the Lord’s Day There are Other Festival Days Properly so Called whose Celebration is Necessary per se and by Reason of Mystery, not by Reason of Order or Ecclesiastical Polity Only. We Deny Against the Papists. 100-104
Q. 16, ‘May Children Withdraw Themselves from the Power of Their Parents & Marry Without their Consent? We Deny Against the Papists.’ 104-112
Q. 21, ‘What Concupiscence is Prohibited by the Tenth Precept? Are the Incipient Motions Sins? We Affirm.’ 134-37
12th Topic, ‘The Covenant of Grace…’
Q. 11, ‘Whether the Souls of the Fathers of the Old Testament were Immediately Received into Heaven After Death or were Cast Into Limbo. The Former we Affirm; the Latter we Deny Against the Papists.’ 257-62
Q. 12, ‘Whether the Sinaitic Legal Covenant, made by Moses with the People of Israel on Mt. Sinai, was a Certain Third Covenant Distinct in Species From the Covenant of Nature & the Covenant of Grace. We Deny. 262-271
13th Topic, ‘The Person & State of Christ’
Q. 13, ‘From its Very Creation was the Soul of Christ so Filled with Knowledge that it could be Ignorant of or Learn Nothing? We Deny Against the Papists. 348-352
Q. 14, ‘Did Christ Suffer Only Corporeal Punishments for us in the Body or in the Soul, but Only as to its Lower & Sensitive Part? Or did He in Truth Also Bear the Spiritual & Infernal Punishments of Sin Themselves (in the Superior as Well as in the Inferior Part) Properly in Himself & From a Sense of God’s Wrath? We Deny the Former & Affirm the Latter Against the Papists.’ 352-56
Q. 15, ‘Was the Soul of Christ, After its Separation from the Body, Translated to Paradise Immediately? Or did it Descend Locally to Hell? The Former we Affirm; the Latter we Deny Against the Papists & Lutherans.’ 356-361
14th Topic, ‘The Mediatorial Office of Christ’
Q. 2, ‘Is Christ a Mediator According to Both Natures? We Affirm Against the Papists & Stancar. 379-84
Q. 4, ‘Is Christ Alone our Mediator with God? We Affirm Against the Papists. 385-391
Q. 5, ‘Why Ought Christ to Sustain a Threefold Office of Mediator? 391-95 [Christ’s Office of Prophet was not generally recognized before Calvin.]
Q. 7, ‘In What does the Prophetic Office of Christ Consist; or what are its Parts & what is its Mode?’ 397-403
Q. 12, ‘Was the Satisfaction of Christ so Perfect as to Leave no Room After it Either for Human Satisfaction in this Life or for Purgatory After this Life? We Affirm Against the Romanists. 438-445
Q. 494, ‘Is Christ to be Adored as Mediator? We Distinguish. 494-501
15th Topic, ‘Calling & Faith’
Q. 3, ‘Is Sufficient, Subjective & Internal Grace Given to Each & Every One? We Deny Against the Romanists, Socinians & Arminians.’ 510-517
Q. 4, ‘Is Effectual Calling so Denominated from the Event (or From Congruity) or From the Supernatural Operation of Grace Itself? The Former we Deny; the Latter we Affirm Against the Romanists & Arminians.’ 517-542
Q. 5, ‘Whether in the First Moment of Conversion Man is Merely Passive or Whether his Will Cooperates in Some Measure with the Grace of God. The Former we Affirm & Deny the Latter Against All Synergists.’ 542-46
Q. 6, ‘Whether Efficacious Grace Operates Only by a Certain Moral Suasion which Man is Able Either to Receive or to Reject. Or Whether it Operates by an Invincible & Omnipotent Suasion which the will of Man Cannot Resist. The Former we Deny; the Latter we Affirm Against the Romanists and Arminians.’ 546-58
Q. 9, ‘Is Faith Assent Without Knowledge & Can it be Defined Better by Ignorance than by Knowledge? We Deny Against the Romanists.’ 564-68
Q. 10, ‘Is Faith Trust? We Affirm Against the Romanists. 568-71
Q. 12, ‘Whether the Proper & Specific Object of Justifying Faith is the Special Promise of Mercy in Christ. We Affirm Against the Romanists.’ 575-80
Q. 13, ‘Whether the Form of Justifying Faith is Love or Obedience to God’s Commands. We Deny Against the Romanists & Socinians.’ 580-83
Q. 16, ‘Whether the True Believer can ever Totally or Finally Fall from Faith. We Deny Against the Romanists, Socinians, Remonstrants and Others who Favor the Apostasy of the Saints.’ 593-616
Q. 17, ‘Whether the Believer can and ought to be Certain of his Faith & Justification by a Divine & Not Merely Conjectural Certainty. We Affirm Against the Romanists & Remonstrants. 616-33
16th Topic, ‘Justification’
Q. 1, ‘Is the Word ‘Justification’ Always used in a Forensic Sense in this Argument; or is it also used in a Moral and Physical Sense? The Former we Affirm; the Latter we Deny Against the Romanists.’ 633-37
Q. 2, ‘Is the Impulsive & Meritorious Cause (on Account of Which Man is Justified in the Judgment of God) Inherent Righteousness Infused into us or Good Works? We Deny Against the Romanists.’ 637-46
Q. 3, ‘Is the Righteousness & Obedience of Christ Imputed to us the Meritorious Cause and Foundation of our Justification with God? We Affirm Against the Romanists & Socinians.’ 646-56
Q. 5, ‘Does Remission of Sins Consist in an Absolute Removal of Them? Or in the Pardon of Them? And After the Guilt is Remitted is a Certain Punishment Retained? Or is it Wholly Remitted? The Former We Deny; the Latter we Affirm Against the Romanists.’ 660-66
Q. 7, ‘Does Faith Justify us Properly and of Itself or Only Relatively and Instrumentally? The Former We Deny; the Latter We Affirm Against the Socinians, Remonstrants & Romanists.’ 669-75
Q. 8, ‘Does Faith Alone Justify? We Affirm Against the Romanists.’ 675-82
Q. 10, ‘The Unity, Perfection & Certainty of Justification’ 686-89
17th Topic, ‘Sanctification & Good Works’
Q. 2, ‘Is Sanctification so Perfect in this Life that Believers can Fulfill the Law Absolutely? We Deny Against the Romanists & Socinians.’ 693-702
Q. 5, ‘Is there a Merit of Congruity or Condignity? Do Good Works Merit Eternal Life? We Deny Against the Romanists. 710-24
vol. 3
18th Topic, ‘The Church’
Q. 1, ‘The Necessity of the Discussion Concerning the Church, and Whether the Knowledge of the Church Ought to Precede the Knowledge of Doctrine.’ 1-6
Q. 3, ‘Besides the Elect, are Reprobates and Infidels (whether secret or open) also True Members of the Church of Christ? We Deny Against the Romanists.’ 11-23
Q. 5, ‘In What Sense May the Church be Called One?’ 27-30
Q. 6, ‘In What Sense is the Church Called Catholic?’ 30-32
Q. 7, ‘Is the True Church Rightly Said to be Invisible? We Affirm Against the Romanists.’ 32-41
Q. 9, ‘Ought the Church to Enjoy Perpetual Splendor & Eminence; or can it be at Times so Obscured and Lessened that no Assembly of it Appears Publicly on Earth? The Former we Deny; the Latter we Affirm Against the Romanists.’ 47-57
Q. 10, ‘Where was our Church Before Luther and Zwingli, and how was it Preserved?’ 57-69
Q. 11, ‘Is the Church Infallible or can it Err about Faith? The Former we Deny; the Latter we Affirm Against the Romanists. 69-86
Q. 12, ‘Is the Truth of Doctrine which is Held in any Assembly, or its Conformity with the Word of God by the Pure Preaching & Profession of the Word, and the Lawful Administration and Use of the Sacraments, a Mark of the True Visible Church? We Affirm Against the Romanists. 86-96
Q. 13, ‘Are the Name ‘Catholic’, Antiquity, Continued Duration, Amplitude, the Succession of Bishops, Harmony in Doctrine with the Ancient Church, Union of the Members with Each Other and with the Head, Holiness of Doctrine, the Efficacy of the Same, Holiness of Life, the Glory of Miracles, Prophetic Light, the Confession of Adversaries, the Unhappy End of the Persecutors of the Church and the Temporal Happiness of Those who have Defended it, Marks of the True Church? We Deny Against the Romanists.’ 96-121
Q. 14, ‘Can the Church of Rome of Today be Called a True Church of Christ? We Deny Against the Romanists.’ 121-37
Q. 16, ‘Should the Government of the Church be Monarchical? We Deny Against the Romanists. 146-55
Q. 17, ‘Was Peter an Ecumenical Pontiff & the Head of the Church & the Vicar of Christ? We Deny Against the Romanists.’ 146-55
Q. 18, ‘Was Peter at Rome, & did He Hold the Episcopate There for Many Years? We Deny Against the Romanists. 169-77
Q. 19, ‘Is the Roman Pope the Successor of Peter in a Monarchy or Ecumenical Pontificate? We Deny.’ 177-189
Q. 20, ‘Was the Primacy which Obtains in the Roman Church Established from the Beginning, or was it Introduced Little by Little & by Degrees in the Progress of the Ages? The Former we Deny; the Latter we Affirm.’ 189-99
Q. 21, ‘Is the Episcopate an Order or Grade of Ecclesiastical Hierarchy Distinct from the Presbyterate; and is it Superior by Divine Right? We Deny.’ 199-210
Q. 24, ‘Does the Right of Electing & Calling Pastors Belong to Bishops Alone or to the Church? The Former we Deny; the Latter we Affirm Against the Romanists.’ 223-235
Q. 25, ‘Was the Call of the First Reformers Legitimate? We Affirm Against the Romanists. 235-46
Q. 26, ‘Is a Perpetual Celibacy According to Apostolic Institution to be Necessarily Observed by the Sacred Order? Or is Marriage Lawful for Ministers? The Former we Deny; the Latter we Affirm Against the Romanists.’ 246-58
Q. 27, ‘Are Ecclesiastical Persons Exempt from the Jurisdiction of and Subjection to the Civil Magistrate? We Deny Against the Romanists.’ 258-69
Q. 31, ‘Does a Legislative Power Properly so Called, of Enacting Laws Binding the Conscience, Belong to the Church? Or Only an Ordaining (diataktike) power, of Sanctioning Constitutions & Canons for the Sake of Good Order (eutaxian)? The Former we Deny; the Latter we Affirm Against the Romanists.’ 285-93
Q. 33, ‘Does it Belong to the Roman Pontiff to Proclaim & Gather Church Councils, to Preside Over Them & to Confer Upon Them Infallible Authority in Doctrines of Faith & Religion? And is the Council of Trent to be Accepted? We Deny Against the Romanists. 306-316
19th Topic, ‘The Sacraments’
Q. 2, ‘Was it Necessary that Sacraments Should be Instituted in the Church and is their Use Necessary? We Distinguish.’ 343-45
Q. 4, ‘Is the Essential & Internal Form of the Sacraments Placed in the Relation of the Sign to the Thing Signified & in Their Merely Relative Union (schetike)? We Affirm Against the Romanists.’ 348-50
Q. 5, ‘Are the Sacraments Only Marks & Badges of our Profession? Or are they also Signs & Seals of the Grace of God Concerning the Remission of Sins & the Regeneration of the Spirit? We Affirm Against the Socinians & Romanists. 350-54
Q. 6, ‘Is the Sacramental Word a Declarative & Concionative (concionale) Word or is it the Consecratory which is Operative? The Former we Affirm; the Latter we Deny Against the Romanists. 354-57
Q. 7, ‘Whether the Intention of the Minister (at Least of Doing what the Church Does) is Necessary to the Essence & Efficacy of the Sacrament. We Deny Against the Romanists. 357-61
Q. 8, ‘Do the Sacraments of the New Testament Work Grace so Physically that they Effect & Contain it ex opere operato, Whether Faith & Devotion are Present or Not? Or are They Rather Efficacious Signs & Seals of Grace? The Former we Deny; the Latter we Affirm Against the Romanists. 361-69
Q. 9, ‘Does the difference Between the Sacraments of the Old & New Testaments Consist in This–That the Former Adumbrate and the Latter Contain Grace; that the Former have the Figure, the Latter have the Body Itself? We Deny. 369-75
Q. 10, ‘Is a Mark (i.e., a Spiritual & Indelible Sign) Impressed Upon the Soul in the Three Sacraments, Baptism, Confirmation & Order? We Deny Against the Romanists.’ 375-377
On Baptism
Q. 13, ‘Is Baptism Absolutely Necessary to Salvation? We Deny Against the Romanists’ 386-93
Q. 14, ‘Is Baptism by Laymen or Women Lawful in Any Case? We Deny Against the Romanists.’ 393-96
Q. 16, ‘Was John’s Baptism Essentially the Same as Christ’s Baptism? We Affirm Against the Romanists/’ 398-403
Q. 18, ‘Is the True Doctrine Concerning Baptism Retained in the Roman Church? We Distinguish.’ 405-410
Q. 19, ‘Does Baptism Take Away Sins in Such a Way that They are Not, or Only that they do Not Reign & are Not Imputed? Does it Take Away Past & Present Sins Only & Leave Future Sins to Repentance? Or Does it Extend Itself to Sins Committed Not Only Before but Also After Baptism? The Former we Deny; the Latter we Affirm Against the Romanists.’ 410-414
On the Lord’s Supper
Q. 23, ‘Is a Consecration Made in the Eucharist by the Utterance of the Words, Hoc est enim corpus meum? And Ought They to be Secretly Uttered? We Deny Against the Romanists.’ 436-442
Q. 24, ‘Is the Right of Breaking Bread Necessary in the Administration of the Supper? We Affirm.’ 442-447
Q. 25, ‘Ought Both Symbols of the Eucharist to be Administered According to the Command of God to Each & Every Adult Believer? Or is the Use of the Cup to be Forbidden to the People? The Former we Affirm; the Latter we Deny Against the Romanists.’ 465-88
Q. 26, ‘Are the Words of the Supper to be Understood Properly & Literally (kata to rheton), or Figuratively & Sacramentally? The Former we Deny; the Latter we Affirm Against the Romanists & Lutherans. 465-88
Q. 27, ‘In the Eucharist, is there an Entire Conversion of the Substance of the Bread & Wine into the Body & Blood of Christ; or are the Bread & Wine, in Virtue of the Words of Consecration, Truly Transubstantiated into the Very Body & Blood of Christ, the External Species Only of the Bread & Wine Remaining? We Deny Against the Romanists.’ 488-505
Q. 28, ‘Is Christ Corporeally Present in the Eucharist, and is He Eaten with the Mouth by Believers? We Deny Against the Romanists & Lutherans. 505-19
Q. 29, ‘Is an External, Real & Properly so Called Sacrifice Offered to God in the Eucharist; Not Only of Praise, Thanksgiving & Commemoration, but a Truly Propitiatory Sacrifice for the Sins of the Living & the Dead? We Deny Against the Romanists.’ 519-38
Q. 30, ‘Is the Worship of Latria (or Adoration) Due to the Sacrament of the Eucharist? We Deny Against the Romanists.’ 538-48
Q. 31, ‘Are Confirmation, Penance, Orders, Marriage & Extreme Unction True Sacraments? We Deny Against the Romanists.’ 548-61
20th Topic, ‘The Last Things’
Q. 8, ‘Will Eternal Life Consist in the Vision of God or in the Love & Enjoyment of Him? [Both] And Under What Symbols is it Usually Described & Why? 608-17
Q. 12, ‘What is the Difference Between the Church Militant & the Church Triumphant? 632-35 [Also refutes Purgatory & the Limbo of the Fathers]
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Books Against the System of Romanism
1500’s
Bradford, John – An Exhortation to the Carrying of Christ’s Cross with a True & Brief Confutation of False & Papistical Doctrine ([Wesel?, 1555?]) 153 pp. ToC
Bradford (c.1510-1555) was an English reformer who was burned at the stake under the Romanist, Bloody Mary.
Knewstub, John – An Answer unto Certain Assertions Tending to Maintain the Church of Rome to be the True & Catholic Church (London, 1579) 220 pp.
Knewstub (1544–1624) was an English presbyterian and puritan.
Cooper, Thomas – Certain Sermons wherein is Contained the Defense of the Gospel, now preached against such cavils and false accusations as are objected both against the doctrine itself and the preachers and professors thereof by the friends and favorers of the Church of Rome (London, 1580)
Cooper (c.1517-1594) was a reformed Anglican bishop, lexicographer, theologian, and writer who wrote against the puritan, satirical tracts of Martin Mar-Prelate.
Lupton, Thomas
Rogers, Thomas – An Historical Dialogue Touching Antichrist & Popery, Drawn & Published for the Common Benefit & Comfort of our Church in these Dangerous Days, & Against the Desperate Attempts of the Vowed Adversaries of Jesus Christ, his Gospel & this Flourishing State (London, 1589) 115 pp.
Rogers (1553-1616) was a reformed Anglican clergyman, known as a theologian, controversialist and translator.
Willet, Andrew
Willet (1562–1621) was a reformed, conforming Anglican clergyman, controversialist and prolific writer. He was known for his anti-papal works.
Abbot (1560-1617) was a reformed Anglican and a professor of divinity at Oxford.
Bell, Thomas
Thomas Bel’s Motives Concerning Romish Faith & Religion (Cambridge, 1593) 2nd ed. 1605
Bell (fl. 1573–1610) was an Anglican clergyman who converted to Romanism and was imprisoned in 1573. He converted back to protestantism in 1592; shortly thereafter he commenced writing numerous publications contra Romanism.
Hunting of the Romish Fox (1598)
This work is entered on the Stationers’ Register, 8 April 1598, and Bell himself claims the authorship in his Counterblast. Another work with the same title had been published by William Turner in 1543 (Basle).
The Anatomie of Popish Tyrannie, wherein is conteyned a Plain Declaration … of the Libels, Letters, Edictes, Pamphlets, and Bookes lately published by the Secular Priests, and English Hispanized Jesuites (London, 1603)
The Golden Balance of Tryall (London, 1603) annexed to this is A Counterblast against the Vaine Blast of a Masked Companion, who termeth Himself E. O., but thought to be Robert Parsons, the Trayterous Jesuite
The Downfall of Popery, Proposed by way of a New Challenge to all English Jesuits and Jesuited or Italianized Papists: Daring them all Jointly, and every one of them severally, to make answer thereunto if they can, or have any truth on their side; knowing for a truth that otherwise all the world will cry with open mouths, fie upon them and their patched hotch-potch religion (London, 1604) This was reprinted as The Fall of Papistrie in 1628.
This was responded to by a Romanist under the name Richard Smith, An Answer to Thomas Bel’s late challenge, named by him, The Downfall of Popery… (Doway, 1605). Bell says that this person was Robert Parsons, and responded below. The work was also responded to by the Jesuit, Francis Walsingham.
The Woeful Cry of Rome, Containing a Defiance to Popery. With Thomas Bell’s Second Challenge to all Favorites of that Romish Faction. Succinctly comprehending much variety of matter… (London, 1605) ToC 77 pp. This is a systematic work against Popery.
* Perkins, William – A Reformed Catholic: or a Declaration Showing how Near we may Come to the Present Church of Rome in Sundry Points of Religion: and wherein we must forever depart from them with an advertisement to all favorers of the Roman Religion, showing that the said Religion is Against the Catholic Principles & Grounds of the Catechism ([Cambridge] 1598)
Perkins (1558-1602) was a father of puritanism in England.
Stoughton, Thomas – A General Treatise Against Popery and in Defence of the Religion by Public Authority Professed in England and Other Churches Reformed (Cambridge, 1598) Abstract with An Addition of Certain Dainties of Poperie, collected partly out of their Popish Service Books, & partly out of the writings of some principal Doctors of special account in the Popish Church, when Popery itself was at the highest 319 pp.
Stoughton (fl.1598-1622) was a reformed Anglican clergyman and was ‘one not conforming to the Anglican formulae’, which was typical of puritans.
Dillingham, Francis – A Dissuasive From Popery, containing Twelve Effectual Reasons by which every Papist, not Willfully Blinded, may be brought to the Truth, and every Protestant confirmed in the same… (Cambridge, 1599)
Dillingham (d. 1625) was a reformed Anglian cleric, scholar and King James Version translator.
Trigge, Francis
A Touchstone, whereby may be Easily Discerned which is the True Catholic Faith of all them that Profess the Name of Catholics in the Church of England, that they be not deceived, taken out of the Catholic Epistle of St. Jude (London, 1599) ToC 360 pp.
Trigge (c.1547-1606) was reformed.
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1600’s
Welsh, John – Popery Anatomized, or a Learned, Pious & Elaborate Treatise wherein many of the Greatest & Weightiest Points of Controversy Between us and Papists are Handled, & the Truth of our Doctrine Clearly Proved: & the Falsehood of their Religion & Doctrine Anatomized, & Laid Open, & Most Evidently Convicted & Confuted by Scripture, Fathers & also by Some of their own Popes, Doctors, Cardinals, and of their own Writers: in Answer to Mr. Gilbert Brown, Priest (1st ed. Edinburgh, 1602; d. 1622; rep. Glasgow, 1672)
Welsh of Ayr (c. 1570–1622) was a Scottish presbyterian minister.
Nichols, Josias – Abraham’s Faith: that is, The Old Religion, wherein is taught that the religion now publicly taught and defended by order in the Church of England is the only true Catholic, Ancient & Unchangeable Faith of God’s Elect; & the pretensed religion of the Sea of Rome is a False, Bastard, New, Upstart, Heretical & Variable Superstitious Device of Man (London, 1602) 316 pp.
Nichols (1555?-1639) was a minister.
Abbot, George – The Reasons which Doctor Hill has Brought for the Upholding of Papistry, which is Falsely Termed the Catholic Religion: Unmasked & Showed to be very weak and upon examination most insufficient for that purpose… the First Part (Oxford, 1604)
Abbot (1562-1633) was a reformed, Anglican divine and archbishop of Canterbury. An older brother of his was Robert Abbot (also with writings against Romanism on this webpage).
Udall, Thomas
A Brief View of the Weak Grounds of Popery as it was Propounded to D. Norrice, Priest, by T.U. gent., and returned without answer (London, 1606) 101 pp. Abstract
A Brief Reply of Thomas Udall, Gent. to a Short Memorandum, or show of answer against his book entitled, A Brief View of the Weak Grounds of Popery, by B.C., Student in Divinity (London [1609]) 47 pp.
Wotton, Anthony
Wotton (c.1561-1626) was a reformed puritan and a professor of theology in Gresham College, England.
A Trial of the Romish Clergy’s Title to the Church, by Way of Answer to a Popish Pamphlet written by one A.D. [John Fisher] and entitled, A Treatise of Faith… (London, 1608) Subject Index
This work responds to the work of the Romanist, John Fisher (i.e. John Percy), A Treatise of Faith, wherein is briefly… ([St. Omer: English College Press] 1605). Percy’s way of resolving and settling one’s faith against all doubts, questions and controversies is to simply believe that the doctrine and teaching of the true Church (that is Roman) is the rule of faith, and not Scripture alone.
Percy, also known as A.D., responded to this work of Wotten’s in ‘A Reply Made unto Mr. Anthony Wotton and Mr. John White’ (1612).
Sutcliffe, Matthew
Sutcliffe (1550-1629) was an English clergyman, academic, lawyer and chaplain to king James I.
The Subversion of [the Romanist] Robert Parsons, his Confused & Worthless Work entitled, A Treatise of Three Conversions of England from Paganism to Christian Religion (London, 1606) Abstract
The Blessings on Mount Gerizzim & the Curses on Mount Ebal, or the Happy Estate of Protestants compared with the miserable estate of Papists under the Pope’s Tyranny (London, 1625) This is the same as his, A True Relation of England’s Happiness… (1629)
Whetenhall, Thomas – A Discourse of the Abuses now in Question in the Churches of Christ of their Creeping in, Growing up & Flourishing in the Babylonish Church of Rome; how they are spoken against not only by the Scriptures, but also by the ancient fathers as long as there remained any face of a true Church maintained by public authority, and likewise by the lights of the Gospel and blessed martyrs of late in the midst of the antichristian darkness ([England] 1606) 192 pp. Subject Index printed secretly
Middleton, William – Papisto-Mastix, or The Protestants’ Religion Defended. Showing briefly when the great compound heresy of Popery First Sprange; how it grew piece by piece till Antichrist was disclosed; how it has been consumed by the breath of God’s Mouth: and when it shall be cut down and withered (London, 1606) This work was also titled, A Brief Answer to a Popish Dialogue Between Two Gentlemen; the one a Papist, the other a Protestant. The work is a dialogue; the dialogue it answered is not extant.
Middleton (d. 1613) was an English churchman, academic and Protestant controversialist. He was Master of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge for a brief period in 1603.
Abbot, Robert
A Defense of The Reformed Catholic of Mr. William Perkins, Lately Deceased, Against the Bastard Counter-Catholic of Dr. Bishop, Seminary Priest: the First Part, for Answer to his Calumniations Generally Framed Against the Same & Against the Whole Religion & State of our Church in his Epistle Dedicatory… (London, 1606) 260 pp. ToC
Abbot (1560-1617) was a reformed Anglican and a professor of divinity at Oxford. George Abbot was his younger brother.
The True Ancient Roman Catholic, being an Apology, or Counter-Proof, Against Doctor Bishop’s Reproof of The Defense of the Reformed Catholic [above]. The first part. Wherein the name of Catholics is vindicated from Popish Abuse, and thence is showed that the faith of the Church of Rome, as now it is, is not the Catholic faith… (London, 1611) ToC
The Second Part of the Defense of The Reformed Catholic, wherein the Religion Established in our Church of England (for the Points Here Handled) is Apparently Justified by Authority of Scripture, & Testimony of the Ancient Church, Against the Vain Cavillations Collected… Out of… Popish writers… (London, 1607) ToC
Perkins’s Reformed Catholic had 21 chapters. This work of Abbot refutes Dr. Bishop point-by-point through the first 9 chapters:
1. Free Will, 2. Original Sin, 3. Certainty of Salvation, 4. Justification, 5. Merits, 6. Satisfaction, 7. Traditions, 8. Vows & 9. Images.
The Third Part of The Defense of the Reformed Catholic against Dr. Bishop’s Second Part of The Reformation of a Catholic… (London, 1609)
Du Moulin, Pierre
Du Moulin (1568-1658) was a reformed, Huguenot minister in France who also resided in England for some years. He was involved extensively in combatting Romanism in print.
Copley (1577–1662) was the youngest son of Sir Thomas Copley, a prominent Romanist politician. John became a Roman priest, but converted to Anglicanism in 1611.
White, John
The Way to the True Church, wherein the Principal Motives Persuading According to Romanism, & Questions Touching the Nature & Authority of the Church & Scriptures are Familiarly Disputed & Driven to their Issues, where this day they Stick between the Papists and Us: contrived into an Answer to a Popish Discourse concerning the Rule of Faith & the Marks of the Church. And published to admonish such as decline to Papistry of the Weak & Uncertain Grounds, whereupon they have ventured their souls… (London, 1608, 1610, 1612, 1616) ToC Digressions
White (1570-1615) was a reformed, doctor of divinity from Cambridge, an Anglican royal chaplain and controversialist.
The work is a response to the A Treatise of Faith, wherein is briefly… ([St. Omer: English College Press] 1605) by the Jesuit, John Percy (a.k.a. John Fisher), which was then being circulated in manuscript. Percy, also known as A.D., responded to this work of White’s in ‘A Reply Made unto Mr. Anthony Wotton and Mr. John White’ (1612). White’s A Defense of the Way to the True Church (below) responds to it.
White’s The Way to the True Church was also responded to by Thomas Worthington, Whyte Dyed Black, or a Discovery of many most Foule Blemishes, Impostures and Deceipts which D. Whyte hath practysed in his Book (1615). This was answered by White’s brother, Francis White, below.
“A third reply to White’s original book was A Treatise of the Church, in which it is proved Mr. J. W. his Way to the True Church to be indeed no Way at all to any Church (1616). This work was also by [William] Wright, who turned to translations from Leonard Lessius to dispute the possibility of salvation outside the Catholic church.” – Wikipedia
A Defense of the Way to the True Church Against A.D., his Reply, Wherein the Motives Leading to Papistry, and questions touching the Rule of Faith, the Authority of the Church, the succession of the Truth and the Beginning of Romish Innovations are Handled & Fully Disputed (London, 1614) ToC Subject Index
This was responded to by the Jesuit, William Wright, A Discovery of Certain Notorious Shifts, Evasions & Untruths Uttered by M. J. White… By W. G. (London, 1619).
Ainsworth, Henry
Henry Ainsworth (1571–1622) was a separatist divine & scholar in England and later in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
As a Separatist, Ainsworth argues that the Roman Church is not a Church, nor has a valid baptism, contrary to the dominant reformed view of the era.
White, Francis
White (c.1564-1638) was an Arminian Anglican bishop, doctor of divinity, controversialist and the older brother of John White (above).
“Early in 1622 he [White] was employed by James I as a disputant against John Percy alias Fisher (1569–1641), to stay the Roman Catholic tendencies of Mary, Countess of Buckingham. He held two conferences; the third (24 May 1622) was entrusted to William Laud. White’s Replie to Fisher (1624) was dedicated to James I.” – Wikipedia
Fowns (c.1561-1625) was reformed Anglican chaplain and clergyman.
Taylor (1576-1632) was an English puritan, of whom it was said that he was ‘as a brazen wall against popery.’
* Ussher, James – Answer to a Jesuit, with Other Tracts on Popery (Dublin, 1624) ToC & ToC to Answer to a Jesuit
In his very helpful, Answer to a Jesuit, Ussher, on 12 chapter-subjects, gives a chronological survey of many early & medieval citations which are contrary to Romanism, which defend the Church of Ireland/England’s dominant views and practices (which are not always right, or fully reformed).
Mayer, John – An Antidote Against Popery, Confected out of Scriptures, Fathers, Councils & Histories. Wherein Dialogue-Wise are Showed the Points, Grounds & Antiquity of the Protestant Religion & the First Springing up of the points of Popery: Together with the Antichristianism Thereof… (London, 1625) 81 pp. ToC
Mayer (1583-1664) was an Anglican divine who wrote a whole Bible commentary, which he was known for.
Forbes, Patrick – Wherein a Rugged Romish Rhyme (inscribed, Catholic Questions to the Protestant) is Confuted and the Questions Thereof Answered (1564-1635) 166 pp.
Forbes (1564-1635) was a puritanical Scottish bishop.
Guild, William
* A Compend of the Controversies of Religion, wherein the Truth is Confirmed & Error Convinced by [the] Authority of Scripture, Witnessing of Antiquity & Confession of Party… (Aberdeen, 1627) The whole work is a systematic refutation of Rome’s doctrines.
Guild (1586–1657) was an episcopal Scottish divine who made a qualified acceptance of the National Covenant (1638) and conformed to presbyterianism at that time.
* The Old Roman Catholic, as at First he was taught by Paul, in Opposition to the New Roman Catholic, as of Latter he is Taught by the Pope, the One being Apostolical, the other Apostatical: derived and proven only out of the Epistle of Paul to the Romans: whereunto is added a clear probation that the same also was the doctrine of the Primitive Bishops of Rome… discovering to all clearly the apostasy of that Church from the Ancient Roman faith and purity thereof to the novelty of gross heresy and idolatry, and sufficient to convince, if not convert, any Papist that is not willfully obdured ([Aberdeen], 1649) This is a systematic refutation of Romanism’s doctrines.
An Answer to a Popish Pamphlet Called, ‘The Touch-Stone of the Reformed Gospel’, Made Specially out of Themselves (Aberdeen, 1656) This is a systematic refutation of Romanism.
The Novelty of Popery Discovered & Chiefly Proven by Romanists out of Themselves (Aberdeen, 1656)
Lynde, Humphrey (a Knight) – Via Tuta, the Safe Way. Leading all Christians, by the Testimonies and Confessions of our Best, Learned [Roman] Adversaries, to the True, Ancient & Catholic faith, now professed in the Church of England (London, 1628)
Lynde (1579–1636) was an English lay Puritan controversialist and politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1626.
Potter, Christopher – Want of Charity Justly Charged on All Such Romanists as Dare (without Truth or Modesty) Affirm that Protestancy Destroys Salvation, in Answer to a Late Popish Pamphlet Entitled, ‘Charity Mistaken etc.’ (Oxford, 1633) 120 pp.
Potter (1591-1646) was an Arminian, Anglican clergyman, Oxford academic, controversialist and prominent supporter of William Laud.
* Davenant, John – The Determinations, or Resolutions of Certain Theological Questions, Publicly Discussed in the University of Cambridge trans. Josiah Allport (1634; 1846) ToC bound at the end of John Davenant, A Treatise on Justification, or the Disputatio de Justitia... trans. Josiah Allport (1631; London, 1846), vol. 2
Most of the theses determined in this work are contra Romanism. Some of them show Davenant’s episcopal, Anglican leanings.
Pagett, Ephraim – Christianography, or the Description of the Multitude & Sundry Sorts of Christians in the World, not Subject to the Pope: with their Unity & how they Agree with the Protestants in the Principal Points of Difference Between them and the Church of Rome (London, 1636) ToC 405 pp.
Pagett (1574-1646) was a reformed Anglican clergyman, heresiographer, royalist and supporter of the Solemn League & Covenant and presbyterianism.
Chillingworth, William – The Religion of Protestants a Safe Way to Salvation (1637; rep. London, 1870) 520 pp. ToC
Chillingworth (1602-1644) was an Arminian Anglican, anti-Sabbatarian controversialist who disagreed with a part of the Athanasian Creed. He became persuaded initially of Romanism by the Jesuit John Percy (alias, John Fisher) in 1630, though began to dispute against Romanism in 1631.
“His major work was an intervention in another controversy, undertaken in defence of Christopher Potter, Provost of The Queen’s College, Oxford, against the Jesuit Edward Knott. Potter had replied in 1633 to Knott’s ‘Charity Mistaken’ (1630), and Knott retaliated with ‘Mercy and Truth’, which Chillingworth attempted to answer. Knott brought out a preemptive pamphlet tending to show that Chillingworth was a Socinian. Chillingworth wrote The Religion of Protestants while staying at Great Tew… [William] Laud, now Archbishop of Canterbury, was anxious about Chillingworth’s reply to Knott, and at his request it was examined by Richard Baily, John Prideaux, and Samuel Fell, and published with their approval in 1637, with the title The Religion of Protestants a Safe Way to Salvation.
The main argument is a vindication of the sole authority of the Bible in spiritual matters, and of the free right of the individual conscience to interpret it.” – Wikipedia
Rous, Francis – Catholic Charity Complaining & Maintaining that Rome is Uncharitable to Sundry Eminent Parts of the Catholic Church, & Especially to Protestants, and is Therefore Uncatholic: and so, a Romish book, called Charity Mistaken, though undertaken by a second, is itself a mistaking (London, 1641)
Rous (1579-1659) was a English, puritan politician and Westminster divine.
C.D.R. – Rome’s Destruction, or, Express Texts and Necessary Consequences drawn out of the Word of God for the condemning of the Doctrine of the Roman Church and justifying of that of the reformed Churches… (London, 1641) ToC
C.D.R. was a French nobleman.
Swadlin, Thomas – The Scripture’s Vindicated from the Unsound Conclusions of Cardinal Bellarmine, & the Controverted Points Betwixt the Church of Rome & the Reformed Church, Stated According to the Opinions of Both Sides (no place, 1643)
Swadlin (1600–1670) was an Anglican minister, divine and royalist. During the puritan revolution he was considered one of ‘Laud’s creatures’ and a malignant.
Laud, William – A Relation of the Conference Between William Laud, Late Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, and Mr. [John] Fisher, the Jesuit: by the Command of King James… with an Answer to such Exceptions as A.C. takes against it 4th ed. (d. 1645; London, 1686) 253 pp.
Laud (1573-1645) was an Anglican Archbishop of Canterbury, a firm believer in episcopalianism, sought unity between the Church of England and the Scottish Church in worship, and was accused of Arminianism, covertly favoring Roman Catholic doctrines and opposing Calvinism.
Baxter, Richard
The Safe Religion, or Three Disputations for the Reformed Catholic Religion against Popery, Proving that Popery is Against the Holy Scriptures, the Unity of the Catholic Church, the consent of the ancient doctors, the plainest reason and common judgment of sense itself (London, 1657) 455 pp. with the appendix: A Translation of Bishop [George] Downame’s Catalogue of [78] Popish Errors, bk. 3 of The Antichrist, ch. 7
Baxter was an Independent English puritan.
A Key for Catholics to open the juggling of the Jesuits and satisfy all that are but truly willing to understand, whether the cause of the Roman or Reformed Churches be of God… containing some arguments by which the meanest may see the vanity of Popery & 40 Detections of their Fraud, with directions and materials sufficient for the confutation of their voluminous deceits… The Second Part Shows (especially against the French & Grotians) that the Catholic Church is not united in any merely human head, either Pope or council (London, 1659) ToC pt. 1, ToC pt. 2
The True Catholic, and Catholic Church Described, and the Vanity of the Papists and all other schismatics that confine the Catholic Church to their Sect, Discovered & Shamed… (London, 1660) ToC
The Certainty of Christianity Without Popery, or whether the Catholic-Protestant or the Papist have the surer faith, being an answer to one of the oft canted questions and challenges of the papists, sent to one who desired this… (London, 1672) ToC
Full & Easy Satisfaction which is the True & Safe Religion, in a Conference between D., a Doubter, P., a Papist and R., a reformed Catholic Christian: in Four Parts (London, 1674) ToC 189 pp.
Naked Popery, or the Naked Falsehood of a book called, The Catholic Naked Truth, or the Puritan Convert to Apostolical Christianity, written by W.H., opening their fundamental error of unwritten tradition and their unjust description of the Puritans, the prelatical Protestant and the Papist and their differences, and better acquainting the ignorant of the same difference, especially what a Puritan and what a Papist is (London, 1677) ToC
Featley, Daniel
The Romish Fisher Caught & Held in his Own Net. Or, A True Relation of the Protestant Conference & Popish Difference. A Justification of the One & Refutation of the Other. In matter of Fact, Faith Buy fascimile 1624
Featley (1582–1645) was a reformed Anglican, episcopalian, divine, controversialist and Westminster divine.
Tombes, John – Romanism Discussed, or, an Answer to the Nine First Articles of H.T. [a Papist], his Manual of Controversies. Whereby is manifested that H.T. has not (as he pretends) clearly demonstrated the truth of the Roman Religion, by him falsely called Catholic, by Texts of Holy Scripture, Councils of All Ages, Fathers of the First Five Hundred Years, Common Sense and Experience, nor fully answered the Principal Objections of Protestants, whom he unjustly terms Sectaries… Commended to the World by Mr. Richard Baxter (London, 1660) ToC
Tombes (c.1603?–1676) was a conforming Anglican, Erastian baptist. Baxter was a congregationalist.
Owen, John – A Vindication of the Animadversions on Fiat Lux [‘Let there be Light’, a Romanist publication], wherein the Principles of the Roman Church, as to Moderation, Unity & Truth are Examined & Sundry Important Controversies Concerning the Rule of Faith, Papal Supremacy, the Mass, Images, etc. Discussed (London, 1664) 564 pp.
Owen was an English, congregationalist puritan.
This work was responded to by John Vincent Canes, Three Letters Declaring the Strange, odd proceedings of Protestant Divines when they write against Catholics: by the example of Dr. Taylor’s Dissuasive against Popery, Mr. Whitby’s Reply in the Behalf of Dr. Pierce against Cressy, and Dr. Owen’s Animadversions on Fiat Lux ([Douay?] 1671)
Taylor, Jeremy
A Dissuasive from Popery (London, 1664) 294 pp.
Taylor (1613–1667) was an Arminian, Anglican cleric who achieved fame as an author during the Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell.
Counter-responses to this work included: A.L., A Letter to a Friend, Touching Dr. Jeremy Taylor’s Dissuasive from Popery… (1665) & Edward Worsley, Truth Will Out, or, A Discovery of some Untruths Smoothly told by Dr. Jeremy Taylor… (1665)
The Second Part of the Dissuasive from Popery, in Vindication of the First Part & Further Reproof & Conviction of the Roman Errors (London, 1667)
This was responded to by John Vincent Canes, Three Letters Declaring the Strange, odd proceedings of Protestant Divines when they write against Catholics: by the example of Dr. Taylor’s Dissuasive against Popery, Mr. Whitby’s Reply in the Behalf of Dr. Pierce against Cressy, and Dr. Owen’s Animadversions on Fiat Lux ([Douay?] 1671)
Ferne, Henry – An Appeal to Scripture & Antiquity in the Questions of 1. the Worship & Invocation of Saints & Angels, 2. the Worship of Images, 3. Justification by and Merit of Good Works, 4. Purgatory, 5. Real presence & Half-Communion: Against the Romanists (London, 1665)
Ferne (1602–1662) was an Anglican bishop, a doctor of divinity, an academic and a chaplain to Charles I.
Poole, Matthew
* The Nullity of the Romish Faith, or a Blow at the Root of the Romish Church, being an Examination of that Fundamental Doctrine of the Church of Rome Concerning the Church’s Infallibility, & of all those several methods which their most famous and approved writers have used for the defense thereof: together with an appendix tending to the demonstration of the solidity of the Protestant faith, wherein the reader will find all the material objections & cavils of their most considerable writers… discussed & answered (Oxford, 1666) 244 pp. ToC
Poole (1624–1679) was an English puritan who was likely assasinated through poison by Romanists. See also, Thomas Harley, Matthew Poole: His Life, His Times, His Contributions Along with His Argument Against The Infallibility of the Roman Catholic Church (2009) Buy
* A Dialogue Between a Popish Priest & an English Protestant, Wherein the Principal Points & Arguments of both Religions are Truly Proposed & Fully Examined EEBO (London, 1672)
Rait, William – A Vindication of the Reformed Religion from the Reflections of a Romanist, Written for the Information of all who will Receive the Truth in Love (Aberdeen, 1671) 287 pp.
Rait was a Scottish minister at Dundee.
Mather, Samuel – A Defence of the Protestant Christian Religion Against Popery: in Answer to a Discourse of a Roman Catholic. Wherein the Manifold Apostasies, Heresies & Schisms of the Church of Rome, as also the Weakness of her pretensions from the Scriptures and the Fathers, are briefly Laid Open (Dublin, 1672)
Mather (1626 –1671) was an Independent minister who was born in England, lived in New England, came back to England during the Commonwealth, went to Scotland after a period at Oxford, and became a Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin. After 1662 he was a nonconformist minister in Ireland.
* The Anatomy of Popery, or a Catalogue of Popish Errors in Doctrine & Corruptions in Worship, Together with the Agreement between Paganism, Pharisaism & Popery (London, 1673) 216 pp.
Hughes, William – The Man of Sin, or a Discourse of Popery, wherein the Numerous & Monstrous Abomination, in doctrine and practice, of the Romish Church are by their own hands Exposed so to Open Light that the very blind may see them, and Antichrist in capital letters engraven on them, particularly in the infinite drove of their adored but lying wonders and miracles, by no Roman, but a Reformed Catholic (London ,1677) ToC
Hughes (b. 1624 or 25)
Des Ecotais was a French convert from Romanism to the reformed Church; he gives his reasons for this change in this book.
Fleming, Robert – The Truth & Certainty of the Protestant Faith, with a Short & Plain Account of the Doctrine of the Romish Church in its Visible Opposition to Scripture and the Very Being of Christianity: to which is adjoined some serious considerations anent Popery & the state of that controversy ([Rotterdam] 1678)
Fleming (1630-1694) was a Church of Scotland minister who was deposed at the Great Ejection of 1662 and later imprisoned. He also served at the Scots Kirk in Rotterdam in the Netherlands and later visited London.
* Ness, Christopher – A Protestant Antidote Against the Poison of Popery, clearly proving the Religion of the Church of Rome to be 1. Superstitious, 2. Idolatrous, 3. Damnable, 4. Bloody, 5. Novel, 6. Inconsistent with the Public Peace, 7. Irreconciliable to True Christianity (London, 1679)
Ness (1621-1705) was an English puritan minister who was ejected in the Great Ejection of 1662. Ness took the 2nd Indulgence in 1672 as a congregationalist minister, and was subsequently excommunicated four time. John Owen recommended his book against Arminianism.
Abercromby, David
Protestancy to be Embraced, or a New & Infallible Method to Reduce Romanists from Popery to Protestancy, a Treatise of Great Use to all His Majesty’s Subjects, and necessary to prevent error and Popery (London, 1682) ToC This was republished in 1686 under the title, Protestancy Proved Safer than Popery.
Abercromby (d. 1701 or 1702) was a Scottish physician and writer. He was brought up at Douai as a Roman Catholic by Jesuit priests. As a Romanist he wrote, Scolding no Scholarship in the Abyss, or, Groundless Grounds of the Protestant Religion… (1669). He was converted to Protestantism in 1682 and came to abjure popery.
The first half of the above book highlights the advantages of Protestantism towards salvation; the second half enumerates some of the principle obstacles towards salvation in Romanism. A Romanist, Alexander Con, replied to this work with, An Answer to a little book called, Protestancy to be Embraced… ([Aberdeen?] 1686).
Reasons Why A Protestant Should not Turn Papist (1687) This has sometimes been wrongly attributed to Robert Boyle
Jurieu, Pierre – A Preservative Against the Change of Religion, or a Just and True Idea of the Roman Catholic Religion, opposed to the flattering portraitures made thereof… (London, 1683)
Jurieu (1637-1713) was a French reformed minister. He was called ‘the Goliath of the Protestants’ by Romanists.
Clagett, William
The Difference of the Case Between the Separation of Protestants from the Church of Rome and the Separation of Dissenters from the Church of England (London, 1683) 71 pp.
Clagett (1646–1688) was an Anglican minister, controversialist, and a chaplain both to King Charles II and King James II. Clagett disputed in print certain parts of John Owen’s work on the Holy Spirit.
Rawlet, John – A Dialogue betwixt Two Protestants, in Answer to a Popish Catechism Called, ‘A Short Catechism Against All Sectaries’: plainly showing that the members of the Church of England are no sectaries but true Catholics and that our Church is a sound part of Christ’s holy Catholic Church in whose communion therefore the people of this nation are most strictly bound in conscience to remain: in two parts (London, 1685) 262 pp. ToC
Rawlet (1642-1686) was an Anglican clergyman with close sympathy with presbyterians. He was known as a preacher and writer of religious literature.
Burnet, Gilbert
Burnet (1643-1715) was a Scottish philosopher and historian, and later a latitudinarian, Arminian, Anglican Bishop of Salisbury in England. He was fluent in Dutch, French, Latin, Greek, and Hebrew. Burnet was highly respected as a cleric, a preacher, an academic, a writer and a historian. He was always closely associated with the Whig party, and was one of the few close friends in whom King William III confided.
A Collection of Papers Against Popery & Arbitrary Government, written by G. Burnet (Amsterdam, 1689)
* ed. Annesley, Samuel – Puritan Sermons at Cripplegate, vol. 5, Against Popery, Sermons 1-6, pp. 547-700 & vol. 6, Sermons 7-25, whole
This is a series of practical, but substantial, puritan sermons refuting Romanism systematically topic by topic.
* Clarkson, David – The Practical Divinity of the Papists Discovered to be Destructive of Christianity & Men’s Souls (d. 1686) ToC in Practical Works, vol. 3
Clarkson (1622-1686) was a congregationalist puritan and successor of John Owen. This work is eye-opening; skim the table of contents.
Care, Henry – The Last Legacy of Henry Care… containing a Brief Sum of Christian Doctrine, by Way of Question & Answer: Particularly Relating to Several of the Most Important Points Controverted between us & the Romanists: decided by express Testimonies of the Holy Scripture & Evident Reason: published for the use of such as are unable to purchase, or comprehend larger & more elaborate tracts (London, 1688) 79 pp. ToC
Care (1646-1688) was an English gentleman.
La Placette, Jean – Of the Incurable Scepticism of the Church of Rome (London, 1688)
La Placette (1629-1718) was a French reformed minister.
Wake, William – A Collection of Several Discourses against Popery (London [1688])
Wake (1657-1737) was the Archbishop of Canterbury in the Anglican Church.
Sherlock, William
Sherlock (1641-1707) was a prominent Anglican clergyman. During the reign of the Romanist, king James II (1685-88), in 1686, he was reproved for his antipapal preaching and his controversy with the king’s chaplain; his pension was taken away.
A Preservative Against Popery [Parts 1-2], being some plain Directions to Unlearned Protestants how to Dispute with Romish Priests… (London, 1688)
A Vindication of Both Parts of the Preservative Against Popery in an Answer to the Cavils of Lewis Sabran, Jesuit (London, 1688)
Bull, Digby – The Contrariety of Popery to the Blessed Word of God, wherein may be seen that the doctrine & practice of the Church of Rome are not consistent with the sacred oracles of the Old and New Testament (London, 1695) 71 pp.
Bull was an Anglican clergyman.
Nary, Cornelius – A Modest & True Account of the Chief Points in Controversy between the Roman Catholics & the Protestants, Together with Some Considerations upon the Sermons of a Divine of the Church of England (Antwerp, 1696)
Nary (1660-1738) was a protestant.
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1700’s
Anon. – The Case Restated, or an Account of a Conversation with a Papist, Concerning a Book Entitled, The Case Stated Between the Church of Rome and the Church of England, etc., in a Letter from a Gentleman in the Country to his [Romanist] Friend in London… 2nd ed. (1714) 100 pp.
* Pictet, Benedict – The Roman Catholic Religion Examined, & its Errors Refuted (d. 1724; London) ToC 81 pp.
Pictet (1655–1724) was the professor of theology at Geneva after Francis Turretin.
Several Ministers – Sermons Against Popery, Preached at Salters-Hall, in the year 1735, vol. 1, 2 (London, 1735) These were English, non-conformist ministers.
Bell, Thomas – The Standard of the Spirit Lifted up Against the Enemy Coming in Like a Flood, being the Substance of Several Sermons Preached from Isa. 59:19, on the Late Alarming Progress of Popery (Glasgow, 1780)
Bell was a Scottish Relief minister in Glasgow, a translator and was opposed to hymn singing in corporate worship. He also wrote, A View of the Covenants of Works and Grace…
Shuttleworth, Humphrey – Lectures on the Creed of Pope Pius IV: or the Trent Confession of Faith: wherein the Arguments of Cardinal Bellarmine & Other Approved Writers of the Roman Church, in Vindication of the Principal Tenets of Popery, as Distinguished from Primitive Christianity, are Examined & Confuted (London, 1785) ToC
Shuttleworth appears to have been an Anglican.
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1800’s
Cuninghame, William – The Apostasy of the Church of Rome, and the Identity of the Papal Power, with the Man of Sin and Son of Perdition of St. Paul’s Prophecy… Proved from the Testimony of Scripture and History (Glasgow, 1818) 190 pp. This was recommended by Davenant’s editors, here.
O’Sullivan, Mortimer – A Guide to an Irish Gentleman in his Search for a Religion (Dublin, 1833) This was recommended by the editors of Davenent, here.
* Ministers in Glasgow, Scotland – The Doctrines & Practices of Popery Examined, in a Course of Lectures by Ministers in Glasgow (183?) 354 pp. Authors: John Forbes, John Muir, Thomas Brown, Alexander Turner, James Henderson, Robert Buchanan, J.G. Lorimer, John Smyth, Michael Willis, James Gibson, Nathaniel Patterson
Brown, John Henry – An Inquiry into the Predicted Character of Antichrist, or, The Antichristianism of the Church of Rome Investigated Ref (London, 1844) This was recommended by the editors of Davenant, here.
Brown was an Archdeacon.
Gaussen, Louis – Geneva & Rome: Rome Papal as Portrayed by Prophecy and History (1844) 66 pp.
Gaussen was a Swiss reformed minister known for his work on the Inspiration of the Bible.
* Digby, William – Appeal to the Roman Catholic Priesthood of Ireland, with a Prefatory Address to the Laity of the Same Communion Ref (Dublin: Longman, Brown, 1845) This is highly commended by the editors of Davenant in a footnote, here.
Digby was an Archdeacon of Elphin, Ireland.
Gibson, Edmund & John Cumming – A Preservative Against Popery, in Several Select Discourses upon the Principal Heads of Controversy Between Protestants & Papists, being written & Published by the Most Eminent Divines of the Church of England, Chiefly in the Reign of King James II [1685-88] (London, 1848) ToC Subject Index to all the vols.
Gibson (1669–1748) was an Anglican bishop, divine, jurist and antiquary. Cumming (1807-1881) was a Church of Scotland minister pastoring a Church of Scotland church in London, and a virulent opponent of Romanism. He was also a prolific religious and devotional author.
King James II [reigned 1685-88] was a Romanist, it appeared that his child, apparent heir to throne, would be raised Romanist. In 1687, the king enacted a toleration of Romanism in England and Scotland. Hence the prolific output of literature against Romanism during that time.
Volumes
1 English Reformation, Schism?
2 Schism?, Novelty?, Calling?, Clerical Marriage
3 Papal Supremacy, Nature of catholic Church, Notes of
4 Notes of the Church, Salvation, Infallibility
5 Infallibility, General Councils, Tradition, Rule of Faith,
. Private Judgment, Authority of Scripture
6 Authority of Scripture, Idolatry, Mass, Unknown Tongue
7 Prayers, Images & Relics
8 Images & Relics, Worship, Sacraments
9 One Kind, Transubstantiation
10 Transubstantiation, Auricular Confession
11 Purgatory, Prayer for the Dead, General, Trent
12 Confutation of Roman Doctrine, Defense of Anglican Doctrine
13 Defense of Anglican Doctrines
14 Separation, Creed of Pius IV, Church Before Luther
15 General Councils, Forgeries, Virgin Mary
16 Virgin Mary, Deceitful Missionary Work, Roman Skepticism
17 Jesuits, General
18 Indices
Blakeney, R.P. – Supplement to Gibson’s Preservative from Popery, being Important Treatises on the Roman Controversy (London, 1849-50)
Volumes
1 Barrow on the Pope’s Supremacy
2 Serces, Popery an Enemy to Scripture; Mussard, Religious Rites
. of Ancient & Modern Rome; Barrow, Unity of the Church
3 Foye, Romish Rites, Offices & Legends: Authorized Superstitions
4 Lynde, Via Tuta & Via Devia
5 Birckbek, Protestant’s Evidence for 1500 years after Christ
6 Edwards, Doctrines Controverted Between Papists & Protestants
* Begg, James – A Handbook of Popery, or, Text-Book of Missions for the Conversion of Romanists: Being, Papal Rome Tested by Scripture, History & its Recent Workings (1852) 349 pp.
Cumming, John
The Romish Church a Dumb Church, or a Challenge to Cardinal Wiseman to give his Church’s Interpretation of Any One Chapter in the Bible, etc. Ref (Arthur Hall, 1853)
Lectures on Romanism: Being Illustrations & Refutations of the Errors of Romanism & [Anglican] Tractarianism (1854) 728 pp. ToC
Ritualism, the Highway to Rome, 12 Lectures (James Nisbet & Co., 1867) ToC
Cunningham, William – chs. 1-5 of Discussions on Church Principles: Popish, Erastian and Presbyterian Buy (1863) 565 pp., see Chapters 1-5, 163 pp.
Cunningham was a minister and professor in the Free Church of Scotland.
Thornwell, James H. – Part 2, the Papal Controversy in The Collected Writings of James Henley Thornwell... ed. Adger & Girardeau (Richmond, VA: Presbyterian Committee of Publication), vol. 3 (Theological & Controversial), pp. 279-805
Thornwell was a major Southern presbyterian figure. This work only deals with the Canon, inspiration, infallibility and the apocrypha.
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Poetry & Songs
1600’s
A Collection of the Newest and Most Ingenious Poems, Songs, Catches, etc., Against Popery, Relating to the Times (London, 1689)
King James II [reigned 1685-88] was a Romanist and it appeared that his child, apparent heir to throne, would be raised Romanist. In 1687, the king enacted a toleration of Romanism in England and Scotland. Hence the prolific output of literature against Romanism during that time.
The Glorious Revolution occured in 1688-89 with the newly enthroned William and Mary of Orange, who were Protestants. Hence, there was a great expression of thankfulness at this time for this deliverance from subjugation to Popery.
Husnance, Stephen – England’s Faithful Monitor, being the Works of that Suffering Protestant, Mr. Stephen Husnance, when under exile and confinement in the years 1685 and 1686: wherein Popery is briefly demonstrated to be a Wicked Religion… (London, 1689)
W.V. – Popery Plain Foppery: or the Excellency of the Protestant Religion in Opposition to Popery. A Poem (London, 1689) 6 pp.
Popery Routed, or Father Petres’s Farewell to London City, to the tune of, Hark how the thundering cannons roar (London, 1689)
‘Petre’ is Spanish for Peter, and ‘Pope’ means ‘father’.
The Protestant’s Sweet Orange, or Sour Sauce for Popery, to a Pleasant New Tune, or Fuddle Boys (London, 1689)
The new king, William of the house of Orange, brought in a Protestant dynasty in 1689, delivering England, Scotland & Ireland from fears of a Romanist dynasty.
The Protestant’s Thanks for the Downfall of Popery, or Madam Popery Rocked to Sleep (London, 1689)
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The History of Romanism
Chronology
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Articles
1800’s
Cunningham, William – ‘The Rise of the Papal Supremacy in the Early Church’ (1863), p. 207, 19 pp. from his Historical Theology, vol. 1
Cunningham was a minister and professor in the Free Church of Scotland.
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Books
1600’s
Wagstaffe, John – Historical Reflections on the Bishop of Rome: Chiefly Discovering Those Events of Human Affairs which Most Advanced the Papal Usurpation (Oxford, 1660)
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With Regard to England (in chronological order of the time covered)
Books
Du Moulin, Pierre
Du Moulin (1568-1658) was a reformed, Huguenot minister in France who also resided in England for some years. He was involved extensively in combatting Romanism in print.
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Article
Brown, Charles – The Future Development of the Roman Catholic Church in Great Britain, and her Position Towards that of England (1851) 55 pp.
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On the Antiquity of Protestantism & the Late Rise & Novelty of Romanism
Quote
Joahnn H. Heidegger
The History of the Papacy… (Amsterdam, 1698), Preface trans. Paul Barth & Travis Fentiman
“A List of the Seven Periods of the Roman Church:
I. The history of the Roman Church, in more pure doctrine and government, even from the beginning of that Church to the time of Constantine the Great, or until about the year 314.
II. The history of the same in relatively retaining more pure doctrine, as far as principal matters, yet in government, aspiring for domination, from Constantine the Great, or the year 314, up to [Flavius?] Phocas and Boniface III, or 607.
III. The history of the same in attaining, more or less, despotism in spiritual matters, Phocas permitting, and relatively degenerating in doctrine and rites, from Boniface III up to Gregory VII, or 1073.
IV. The history of the same striving for despotism even in temporal things, and turning worse with time in doctrine and rites, from Gregory VII, or around 1073 up to Boniface VIII, or 1294.
V. The history of the same attaining to a greater degree of despotism in temporal things, even unto an Imperial-Papacy, and the same shamefully driving harder an overthrow of all pure doctrine, from Boniface VIII, or 1294, to Leo X, or 1517.
VI. The history of the same through the Reformation, or the separation of the faithful, suffering a most heavy injury in their despotism in spiritual and temporal things, from Leo X, or 1517, up to the end of the Council of Trent, or 1563.
VII. The history of the same being hardened in error through the decrees of a false faith and Tridentine anathemas, while continually fighting the true Church of Christ through deceit and force, from the end of the Council of Trent, or 1563, up to our time [late-1600’s].”
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Articles
1600’s
Bedford, Thomas – ‘Luther’s Predecessors: or an Answer to the Question of the Papists: Where was your Church before Luther?’ (London, 1624) 28 pp.
Bedford (d. 1653) was reformed.
Cooke, Alexander – Saint Austin’s Religion, wherein is manifestly Proved out of the Works of that Learned Father that he Dissented from Popery and Agreed with the Religion of the Protestants in all the Main Points of Faith & Doctrine… (London, 1624) The work lists 62 teachings & practices of Romanism and contrasts them, one by one, with Austin’s protestant teachings.
Cooke (1564-1632) was an English puritan.
* Rutherford, Samuel – pp. 229-235 of The Due Right of Presbyteries (1644), pt. 1, Question 5, ‘From whence had Luther, Calvin & our Blessed Reformers their Calling to the Pastoral Charge?’
London Provincial Assembly – ‘The Gospel Ministry During the Reign of Antichrist’ in Jus Divinum Ministerii Evangelici, Or The Divine Right of the Gospel-Ministry (1654), excerpt from ch. 3
Dodwell, Henry – Q. 3, ‘Where was the Church of England before Luther’s Time?’ appended to Two short discourses against the Romanists (London, 1676), pp. 48-80
Dodwell (1641-1711) was an Anglican-Irish scholar, theologian and controversial writer (who defended the non-juring bishops). Edward Gibbon spoke of his learning as ‘immense’ and that his ‘skill in employing facts is equal to his learning,’ although he severely criticized his method and style.
Hascard, Gregory – ‘A Discourse about the Charge of Novelty upon the Reformed Church of England made by the Papists asking of us the Question, Where was our Religion before Luther?’ (London, 1683) 36 pp.
Hascard (d. 1708) was an Anglican clergyman and chaplain to the king.
* Turretin, Francis – Institutes, vol. 3, 18th Topic, Q. 10, ‘Where was our Church Before Luther and Zwingli, & how was it Preserved?’, pp. 57-69
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Books
1600’s
Creswell, George – The Harmony of the Law & the Gospel, Wherein is plainly showed, that howsoever they differ in time and some other circumstances, yet in Substance they are One & the Same. And by Way of Application, the Pretended Antiquity of Popery is Discovered & Found to be a Mere Novelty: Delivered in a Sermon… (London, 1607)
Creswell was a minister.
Bell, Thomas – The Trial of the New Religion, Containing a Plain Demonstration that the late Faith & Doctrine of the Church of Rome is Indeed the New Religion (London, 1608)
Bell (fl. 1573–1610) was an Anglican clergyman who converted to Romanism and was imprisoned in 1573. He converted back to protestantism in 1592; shortly thereafter he commenced writing numerous publications contra Romanism.
Panke, John – Collectanea [Collections]. Out of St. Gregory the Great [d. 604] & St. Bernard the devout [d. 1153] against the Papists who adhere to the doctrine of the present Church of Rome, in the most fundamental points between them and us (Oxford, 1618)
This work gives 100 citations out of Gregory the Great supporting Protestantism under 21 subjects; citations from Bernard of Clairvaux follow under 11 subjects.
Perrin, Jean Paul – Luther’s Fore-Runners: or a Cloud of Witnesses Deposing for the Protestant Faith. Gathered together in the history of the Waldenses: who for diverse hundred years before Luther successively opposed Popery, professed the Truth of the Gospel, and Sealed it with their blood… (London, 1624)
Perrin (fl.1603-1626) was a French reformed minister.
Bernard, Richard – Look Beyond Luther: or an Answer to that Question Proposed by our Adversaries, where our Religion was Before Luther’s Time… (London, 1624) 55 pp.
Bernard was a puritan within the Anglican Church.
Logie was an arch-dean in Aberdeen, Scotland.
Birckbek, Simon – The Protestants’ Evidence taken out of Good Records; Showing that for Fifteen Hundred Years next after Christ, Diverse Worthy Guides of God’s Church, have in sundry weighty points of religion, taught as the Church of England now does: distributed into Several Centuries & Opened (London, 1635) Timeline
Birckbek (1584-1656). This work lays out ancient protestant sentiments century by century through Church history, starting with the first century up to the Reformation.
Guild, William – The Novelty of Popery Discovered & Chiefly Proven by Romanists out of Themselves (Aberdeen, 1656)
Guild (1586–1657) was an episcopal Scottish divine who made a qualified acceptance of the National Covenant (1638) and conformed to presbyterianism at that time.
Featley, Daniel
Featley (1582–1645) was a reformed Anglican, episcopalian, divine, controversialist and Westminster divine.
Du Moulin, Pierre – The Novelty of Popery, Opposed to the Antiquity of True Christianity, Against the Book of Cardinal Du Perron, entitled, A Reply to the Answer of the Most Serene James, King of Great Britain (London, 1662) Subject Index
Du Moulin (1568-1658) was a reformed, Huguenot minister in France who also resided in England for some years. He was involved extensively in combatting Romanism in print.
Whitby, Daniel – Romish Doctrines not from the Beginning, or, A Reply to what S.C. (or Serenus Cressy), a Roman Catholic, has returned to Dr. Pierce’s Sermon preached before His Majesty at Whitehall, Feb. 1 1662 in vindication of our Church Against the
Novelties of Rome (London, 1664)
Whitby (c.1637-1726) was an Arminian Anglican minister.
This was responded to by John Vincent Canes, Three Letters Declaring the Strange, odd proceedings of Protestant Divines when they write against Catholics: by the example of Dr. Taylor’s Dissuasive against Popery, Mr. Whitby’s Reply in the Behalf of Dr. Pierce against Cressy, and Dr. Owen’s Animadversions on Fiat Lux ([Douay?] 1671)
Shaw (1608-1672) was an English puritan minister.
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Another Quote
John Owen
A Short & Plain Answer to Two Questions I. Where was your Religion Before Luther? II. How Know you the Scriuptures to be the Word of God? By a Protestant. (London, 1682), pp. 1-2
“Where was your Religion before Luther?
To this the answer will be very short and easy… I say then, that our religion, as to the rules and principles of it, was before Luther, where it has been ever since, in the Scriptures: And as to the profession of it, it has been owned and maintained by the faithful in all ages, namely, such as have been kept by the power of God through faith unto salvation, against whom the gates of hell and Rome have not been able to prevail. The Protestant Religion we contend for is nothing else but Christianity uncorrupted, which was in its greatest purity before ever the Pope was heard of in the World.
And Popery, that we oppose, is Christianity adulterated, or rather paganism Christianized, which was in the cradle when the mystery of iniquity began to work, and grew up to be the Man of Sin, when Popes had gulled the world into so much slavery as to endure their trampling upon princes. And this truth, as it appears in great measure from the Fathers and historians of the Church, and from all antiquity, that has had the good fortune to escape the Expurgatory Index [of Romanism]; so it is more especially, and most evidently manifest from the Scriptures…”
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Latin Article
Gernler, Lucas – A Theological Disputation, which is of the Question: Where was the True Church, According to Us, Before Zwingli & Luther? (Basil: Werenfelsius, 1673)
Gernler (1625-1675) was a reformed professor of theology at Basil, Switzerland.
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Roman Forgeries & Misrepresentations
Books
1600’s
James, Thomas – A Treatise of the Corruption of Scripture, Councils & Fathers by the Prelates, Pastors & Pillars of the Church of Rome for Maintenance of Popery: Together with a Sufficient Answer Unto James Gretser and Anthony Possevine, Jesuits… in Five Parts (d. 1629; London, 1688)
James (c.1572-1629) was an English librarian and reformed Anglican clergyman. He was the first librarian of the Bodleian Library, Oxford.
Crakanthorpe (bap.1568-1624) was a reformed Anglican minister, a logician, and a controversialist. Anthony Wood said that he was “a great canonist, and so familiar and exact in the fathers, councils, and schoolmen, that none in his time scarce went before him.”
Mercurius, Hibernicus – A Pacquet [Hideaway] of Popish Delusions, False Miracles & Lying Wonders, together with many grand divisions among papists: far exceeding both in quality and quantity those among Protestants: notwithstanding their seeming unity. Exposed to the shame of popery… (London, 1681)
Comber, Thomas – The Church History Cleared from the Roman Forgeries & Corruptions found in the Councils & Baronius, in Four Parts: from the beginning of Christianity, to the end of the Fifth General Council, 553 (London, 1695) reprinted in Gibson’s Preservative.
Comber (1645-1699) was an Anglican and the Dean of Durham. In the troubled reign of James II he became conspicuous as a champion of the cause of protestantism.
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On the Jesuits
Articles
Bagshaw, Christopher – A Sparing Discovery of our English Jesuits, and of Father Parson’s Proceedings under Pretense of Promoting the Catholic Faith in England, for a caveat to all true Catholics, our very loving brethren and friends, how they embrace such very uncatholic, though Jesuitical designments (London, 1601) 70 pp.
Bagshshaw (d. 1625)
Anon. – The Reformed Catholic, against the Deformed Jesuit, or a Discovering of the Treachery of the Jesuits against the Reformed Churches of France, and other Parts ([Netherlands?] 1621) 14 pp.
The author was an inhabitant of La Rochelle, France.
Davenant, John – Question 17, ‘The Papal Jesuits Cannot be Good Subjects’ in The Determinations, or Resolutions of Certain Theological Questions, Publicly Discussed in the University of Cambridge trans. Josiah Allport (1634; 1846), pp. 307-312 bound at the end of John Davenant, A Treatise on Justification, or the Disputatio de Justitia... trans. Josiah Allport (1631; London, 1846), vol. 2
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Books
Wadsworth (1604-1656?) was born of an English Jesuit father. In 1625 he professed himself a convert from Romanism to Protestantism, becoming involved with the Church of England.
Anti-Papist – Fair Warning to Take Heed of Popery, or a Short & True History of the Jesuits’ Fiery Practices & Powder-plots to destroy kings, ruin kingdoms & lay cities waste ([London, 1674-79?]) 136 pp.
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On the Origins of the Rosary
Koyzis, David – ‘The Decline of Psalm-Singing: the Rosary’ 2011 at The Genevan Psalter
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On Apostolic Succession
Article
* Rutherford, Samuel – pt. 1, pp. 185-189 under ‘3rd Question. Whether or not Ordination of Elders may be by the Church of Believers Wanting all Elders or Officers’ under Ch. 8, section 8, ‘Of Election of Officers’ in The Due Right of Presbyteries (1644)
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On an Indelible Mark in Ordination
Samuel Rutherford
The Due Right of Presbyteries (1644), pt. 1, p. 199
“2. We see no indelible character because a pastor is always a called pastor: if the man commit scandals, the Church may call all his character from him and turn him into a mere private man.”
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Roman Miracles
Books
1600’s
Sheldon, Richard – A Survey of the Miracles of the Church of Rome, proving them to be Antichristian. Wherein are Examined & Refuted the Six Fundamental Reasons of John Flood, Ignatian, published by him in Defence of Popish Miracles (London, 1616)
Sheldon (d. 1642?) had been previously a Roman priest and colleague of his opponent, Flood.
Hughes, William – The Man of Sin, or a Discourse of Popery, wherein the Numerous & Monstrous Abomination, in doctrine and practice, of the Romish Church are by their own hands Exposed so to Open Light that the very blind may see them, and Antichrist in capital letters engraven on them, particularly in the infinite drove of their adored but lying wonders and miracles, by no Roman, but a Reformed Catholic (London ,1677) ToC
Hughes (b. 1624 or 25)
Mercurius, Hibernicus – A Pacquet [Hideaway] of Popish Delusions, False Miracles & Lying Wonders, together with many grand divisions among papists: far exceeding both in quality and quantity those among Protestants: notwithstanding their seeming unity. Exposed to the shame of popery… (London, 1681)
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On Relics
Book
1600’s
Polyander, Johannes – A Disputation against the Adoration of the Relics of Saints Departed, wherein Nine Palpable Abuses are Discovered, committed by the Popish Priests in the Veneration thereof. Together with the Refutation of a Jesuitical Epistle, and an Index of the Relics which every seventh year, are shown at Avvcon in Germany… trans. Henry Heham from French (Dort, 1611) 156 pp.
Polyander was a Dutch reformed professor.
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Against the Council of Trent
Articles
Fabricius Montanus, Johannes – An Oration… whereby he teaches that Christian Men Cannot Resort to the Council of Trent without Committing an Heinous Offence ([London] 1562)
Fabricius (1527-1566) was a German reformed minister, neo-Latin poet and a polymath. When the plague broke out in Chur, he refused to abandon his community; eventually he became a victim of the plague himself.
Jewel, John – ‘An Epistle Written… to Seignior Scipeo, a Venetian Gentleman, in Answer to a Letter of his in which he complains of the Kingdom of England for their not appearing in the Council of Trent, nor excusing their Absence by Letters’ in Jewel, The Apology of the Church of England… (d. 1571; London, 1685), pp. 147-196
Jewel (1522-1571) was an important, reformed bishop in the Church of England and controversialist.
* Chemnitz, Martin – A Discovery & Battery of the Great Fort of Unwritten Traditions, Otherwise an Examination of the Council of Trent Touching the Decree of Traditions (London, 1582)
Chemnitz (1522-1586) was a major second generation, German, Lutheran theologian.
Ramsay, William – The Tridentine-Gospel, or, Papal Creed made at Trent, and Promulgated at Rome, by Pope Pius IV: Exhibited and Demonstrated to be New, Heterodox, and Antichristian: in a Sermon (London, 1672)
Ramsay was previously a Romanist priest, professor of philosophy, a missionary preacher of the Franciscans, but then converted and became a minister in the Church of England.
Goodman, John – A Discourse Concerning Auricular Confession as it is Prescribed by the Council of Trent, and Practiced in the Church of Rome: with a Post-Script on Occasion of a Book lately Printed in France, called Historia Confessionis auricularis [The History of Auricular Confession] (London, 1684) 56 pp.
Goodman (c.1625-1690) was an Anglican.
* Turretin, Francis – Institutes, vol. 3, 18th Topic, ‘The Church’, Q. 33, ‘Does it Belong to the Roman Pontiff to Proclaim & Gather Church Councils, to Preside Over Them & to Confer Upon Them Infallible Authority in Doctrines of Faith & Religion? And is the Council of Trent to be Accepted? We Deny Against the Romanists. 306-316
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Books
1500’s
de Vargas Mejia, Francisco, et al – The Council of Trent No Free Assembly, More Fully Discovered by a Collection of Letters and Papers of the Learned Dr. Vargas and other Great Ministers who assisted at the Said Synod in Considerable Posts: Published from the Original Manuscripts in Spanish… with an Introductory Discourse Concerning Councils, showing how they were brought under Bondage to the Pope trans. Michael Geddes (d. 1560; London, 1697)
de Vargas Meija (1484-1560)
Flacius Illyricus, Matthias – A Godly & Necessary Admonition of the Decrees & Canons of the Counsel of Trent, Celebrated under Pius IV, Bishop of Rome, in the years of our Lord, 1562 and 1563, Written for those godly disposed persons’ sakes, which look for amendment of doctrine and ceremonies to be made by general counsels (London [1564])
Flacius (1520-1575) was a Lutheran theologian who held to the error of utter depravity (contra the total depravity of reformed theology).
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1600’s
Burton (bap.1578-1648) was an English, Independent puritan.
Ranchin, Guillaume – A Review of the Council of Trent, wherein are contained the several nullities of it: with the many grievances and prejudices done by it to Christian Kings & Princes: as also to all Catholic Churches in the world; and more particularly to the Gallican [French] Church. First writ in French by a Learned Roman-Catholic (Oxford [1638])
Ranchin (1560-1605)
De Luzancy, Hippolyte du Chastelet – Reflections on the Council of Trent in Three Discourses (Oxford, 1679)
De Luzancy (d. 1713) was an Oxford scholar.
Jurieu, Pierre – The History of the Council of Trent is Eight Books: whereunto is prefixed a discourse containing historical reflections on councils, and particularly on the conduct of the Council of Trent, proving that the Protestants are not obliged to submit thereto (London, 1684)
Jurieu (1637-1713) was a French reformed minister. He was called ‘the Goliath of the Protestants’ by Romanists.
Stratford, Nicholas – The Necessity of Reformation with Respect to the Errors and Corruptions of the Church of Rome, the Second Part: wherein is showed the Vanity of the Pretended Reformation of the Council of Trent, and of R.H.’s Vindication of it in his Fifth Discourse Concerning the Guide in Controversies (London, 1686) ToC
Stratford (1633-1707)
Whitby, Daniel
Whitby (c.1637-1726) was an Arminian Anglican minister.
Stillingfleet, Edward – The Council of Trent Examined and Disproved by Catholic Tradition in the Main Points in Controversy Between us and the Church of Rome with a Particular Account of the Times and Occasions of Introducing Them: Part 1: to which a Preface is Prefixed Concerning the True Sense of the Council of Trent and the Notion of Transubstantiation (London, 1688)
Stillingfleet (1635-1699) was an Anglican apologist, bishop, theologian and scholar. He was considered an outstanding preacher.
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1700’s
Shuttleworth, Humphrey – Lectures on the Creed of Pope Pius IV: or the Trent Confession of Faith: wherein the Arguments of Cardinal Bellarmine & Other Approved Writers of the Roman Church, in Vindication of the Principal Tenets of Popery, as Distinguished from Primitive Christianity, are Examined & Confuted (London, 1785) ToC
Shuttleworth appears to have been an Anglican.
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On the History of the Council of Trent
1600’s
Sarpi (1552-1623) was a Romanist, Venetian historian, prelate, scientist, canon lawyer and statesman active on behalf of the Venetian Republic during the period of its successful defiance of the papal interdict (1605–1607) and its war (1615–1617) with Austria over the Uskok pirates. His writings, frankly polemical and highly critical of the Catholic Church and its Scholastic tradition, “inspired both Hobbes and Edward Gibbon in their own historical debunkings of priestcraft.”
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1800’s
* Cunningham, William – ‘The Council of Trent’, p. 483 ff. 12 pp. from his Historical Theology, vol. 1
Cunningham was a minister and professor in the Free Church of Scotland.
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Letters to Romanists
1600’s
Hungerford, Anthony – The Advise of a Son, now Professing the Religion Established in the Present Church of England, to his Dear Mother, yet a Roman Catholic (Oxford, 1616) 38 pp.
Du Moulin, Pierre
A Letter unto them of the Romish Church… Together with a True Jubilee, or General Pardon of Indulgence… (London, 1621)
Du Moulin (1568-1658) was a reformed, Huguenot minister in France who also resided in England for some years. He was involved extensively in combatting Romanism in print.
Bastwick, John – A Learned, Useful & Seasonable Discourse Concerning the Church of England & the Church of Rome, Addressed by Way of Letter to M. St. John, a Romish Priest (London, 1643) 12 pp.
Bastwick (1593-1654) was a puritan.
Earl of Clarendon, Edward Hyde – Two Letters Written by the Right Honourable Edward, Earl of Clarendon, Late Lord High Chancellour of England, one to his Royal Highness the Duke of York, the other to the Dutchess, Occasioned by her Embracing the Roman Catholic Religion ([London, 1680?])
Taylor, James – A Letter of Inquiry to The Reverend Fathers of the Society of Jesus [the Jesuits], Written in the Person of a Dissatisfied Roman Catholic (London, 1689) 44 pp.
Taylor (fl. 1687-1689) was of the Church of England and wrote as a dissatisfied Romanist for effect.
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Testimonies of Converts from Romanism to Protestantism
Articles
1600’s
Duchess of Tremoille, Charlotte Brabantina – The Conversion of a Most Noble Lady of France in June Last Past, 1608. Madame Gratiana, Wife to the high and mighty lord, Claudius, Lord of Tremoille, Duke of Thouars, Peer of France and Prince of Talmonde. A most Christian Epistle written by her to the Ladies of France, to Resolve them in the Cause of her Conversion from Popery to the Profession of God’s Gospel: and advising them to imitate her Religious Example (London, 1608) 50 pp.
Countess Charlotte Brabantina of Nassau (1580-1631)
Harding (fl. 1620)
de Tejeda, Fernando – Texeda Retextus: or The Spanish Monk, his bill of Divorce Against the Church of Rome, together with other Remarkable Occurrances (London, 1623) 34 pp.
de Tejeda (fl. 1623)
Cupif (ca. 1552-1638)
Abernethie, Thomas – Abjuration of Popery, by Thomas Abernethie, Sometime Jesuit, but now Penitent Sinner & an Unworthy Member of the True Reformed Church of God in Scotland, at Edinburgh… (Edinburgh, 1638)
Abernethie (fl. 1638-1641)
Harris (1647-1732)
Brocardo, Francisco – Francis Broccard (Secretary to Pope Clement the Eighth), his Alarm to all Protestant Princes with a Discovery of Popish Plots and Conspiracies, after his Conversion from Popery to the Protestant Religion (London, 1679)
The Declaration of Several Eminent Roman Catholics In this Kingdom of England who did Embrace the Protestant Religion, with their Reasons for their Change, delivered in their own Words at their Embracing the Protestant Religion, to which is Added a Catalogue of sundry great Persons of the Roman-Catholic Religion that are now turned to the true Protestant-Religion of the Church of England (London, 1688) 8 pp. The list of great persons that turned from Romanism to Protestantism starts on p. 8.
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Books
Balbani, Niccolo – The Italian Convert, News from Italy of a Second Moses, or, The Life of Galeacius Caracciolus, the Noble Marquesse of Vico. Containing the Story of his Admirable Conversion from Popery and Forsaking of a Rich Marquesdom for the Gospel’s Sake trans. Theodore Beza (d. 1587; London, 1677) 180 pp.
Balbani (1522-87) was reformed. This work was published by William Crawshaw (bap.1572-1626), a puritan Anglican clergyman, academic and poet.
Copley (1577–1662) was the youngest son of Sir Thomas Copley, a prominent Romanist politician. John became a Roman priest, but converted to Anglicanism in 1611.
Crawfurd, Patrick – The Declaration of Mr. Patrik Crawfurd, his return from Popery to the True Religion which is According to the Word of God in Holy Scripture (Edinburgh, 1627) 59 pp.
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Satire
1600’s
Anon. – The Lineage of Locusts, or the Pope’s Pedigree, Beginning with his Prime Ancestor, the Devil, plainly set forth to be noted of all good Christians and true Catholics, for the avoiding of those subtle snares continually laid for them by his insinuating agents (London, 1641) 4 pp.
J.G. – Little-Wit’s Protestation to Defend Popery, Since the Decease of his Sister Superstition… (London, 1642) 4 pp.
A Consultation Between the Pope & a Jesuit Concerning the Way how to introduce Popery into England (London, 1679)
St. Ignatius’s Ghost, Appearing to the Jesuits upon the King’s Signing the Act Against the Growth of Popery. A Satire (London, 1700) 13 pp. in the form of a poem
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Economics
1600’s
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1900’s
Weber, Max – The Protestant Ethic & the Spirit of Capitalism trans. Parsons (1904-05; NY: 1930) HTML
This foundational sociological work argues the deleterious effects of Romanism on economic prosperity, along with the superior Protestant tendency towards the same. See the article at Wikipedia for more.
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Bibliographies of Polemics Against Rome
1600’s
Wake, William
The Present State of the Controversy between the Church of England & the Church of Rome: or an Account of the Books Written on Both Sides, in a Letter to a Friend (London, 1687) 36 pp. William Clagett saw this work through the press while Wake was in hiding; it has sometimes been attributed to Clagett.
Wake (1657–1737) was an archbishop of Canterbury in the Anglican Church.
A Continuation of the Present State of the Controversy Between the Church of England & the Church of Rome… 2nd ed. (London, 1680) 80 pp. ToC Note that the 1st ed. of this was published in the same year, and is smaller by page numbers.
Gee, Edward – The Catalogue of All the Discourses Published Against Popery During the Reign of King James II [1685-88] by the Members of the Church of England & by the Non-Conformists… (London, 1689) 34 pp. 228 entries, plus others
King James II [reigned 1685-88] was a Romanist, it appeared that his child, apparent heir to the throne, would be raised Romanist. In 1687, the king enacted a toleration of Romanism in England and Scotland. Hence the prolific output of literature against Romanism during that time.
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1700’s
Dodd, Charles – Certamen Utriusque Ecclessiae: or a List of All the Eminent Writers of Controversy, Catholics & Protestants, since the Reformation… (1724) 17 pp.
The true name of the author was Hugh Tootell. The main part of the work consists of a table of 200 writers from the 1500’s through the 1600’s, with the name of their main treatise and the name of their principal adversay, in order of the date of their death. The pages alternate with Romanist writers and Protestant writers, with a political summary and commentary at the bottom of the pages. Most of the polemical works are between Romanism and Protestantism, though a few are not.
See Smith, p. 12 for a place where this work has been reprinted.
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1800’s
* Lowndes, William Thomas – British Librarian, or Book Collector’s Guide… Class 1, Religion & its History, Parts 1-11 (1839-42)
‘Controversies Between Romanists & Protestants Abroad’ cols. 1007-1025
Lowndes (c. 1798–1843) was an English bibliographer.
‘Popish Controversy in England’ cols. 1025-1109
Lists over 900 works in English in chronological order, with some annotations.
ed. Jones, Thomas – A Catalogue of the Collection of Tracts for & Against Popery (Published in or About the Reign of James II) in the Manchester Library… in which is Incorporated, with Large Additions & Bibliographical Notes, the Whole of Peck’s List of the Tracts in that Controversy… vols. 1, 2 (Chetham Society, 1859/65) ToC-1, ToC-2 The chapters of vol. 2 are topical upon specific Romanists doctrines and practices.
* Malcom, Howard – ‘Popery – Con’ in Theological Index: References to the Principal Works in Every Department of Religious Literature… (Boston, 1868), pp. 366-370 About 100+ foreign language entries & 230+ English entries. Works for Romanism precede this section.
Malcom was a conservative presbyterian but lists anything that has value. His references are brief to the point of not always being fully helpful.
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Latin Order of Contents
Articles 10+
Collections of Articles 3
Books 7
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Latin Articles Against the System of Romanism
1500’s
Bullinger, Henry – An Antithesis & Compendium of Evangelical & Papist Doctrine (1551) 28 pp. In each chapter first the doctrines of Scripture are asserted, and then following, the doctrines of the Papacy are enumerated on the same subject.
Bullinger (1504-75)
Table of Contents
1. On Sacred Scripture 2
2. On God & the Worship of God 4
3. On Christ Jesus, who He is & what things are brought to us by Him 8
4. On the Church & Ministers of Christ, & of its doctrine 10
5. On the Rites & Sacraments of the Church of Christ 18-28
Beza, Theodore – ch. 7, ‘A Brief Antithesis of the Papacy & Christianity’ in 1. ‘A Confession of the Christian Faith, & a Collation of the Same with Papal Heresies’ in Theological Tracts, in which many of the Doctrines of the Christian Religion are Restored to Whole and Defended from the Word of God Against the Heretical Sects of our Times, vol. 1 (Geneva, 1570), pp. 56-79 ToC
Beza (1519-1605)
Aretius, Benedict – in Examination of Theology: A Brief and Clear, Written Out Method (Morgiis, 1584)
Table of Contents
Out of the Following Class of Places are Some Places that are Controverted between Us & the Papists
The First Place, of Justification 92
. Nine Arguments 98
The Second Place, of Good Works 102
The Third Place, of Original Sin 105
. Four Arguments 107
The Fourth Place, of the Church 109
The Fifth Place, of the Marriage of Priests 113
The Sixth Place, of the Number of the Sacraments 115
The Seventh Place, Of the Invocation of the Saints 119
The Eight Place, of Purgatory 123
Szegedin Pannonius, Stephan – Common Places of Pure Theology, of God & Man, Explained in Continuous Tables & the Dogma of the Schools Illustrated (Basil, 1585/93) The work is in the form of outlines.
Szegedin (1515-1572) also was known as Stephan Kis.
Table of Contents
3. Of Popish Doctrine
Angels 468
Man 470
Predestination 471
Free-Will 471
Sin in General 472
Original Sin 473
Actual Mortal Sin 473
Actual Venial Sin 474
Law 476
Gospel 477
Faith 477
Justification 478
Works 480
Merit 481
Sacraments in General 481
Discrimination & Division of Sacraments 482
Baptism 483
Mass, or the Supper 484
Confirmation 485
Extreme Unction 485
Priesthood, or Ordination 486
Penance 489
Contrition 490
Oral Confession 491
Satisfaction 491
Marriage 492
Indulgences 492
Church 493
Keys, or Ecclesiastical Power 494
Prayer 495
Fasting 495
Councils 495
Human Traditions 495
Pope, or the Roman Pontiff 496
Excommunication 498
Celibacy of Priests 499
Burial 499
Eternal Life 500
Absolution 500
Worship of God and of the Saints 501
Vow 502
State of Perfection, or Monasticism 505
Evangelical Councils 505
Purgatory 506
Votings 506
Tossanus, Daniel
Theological Theses on the Papacy, Which is Averse to the Evangelical Church (Heidelberg, 1598) 75 Theses
Tossanus Sr. (1541-1602) was a French Reformed theologian and professor of New Testament at Heidelberg.
Theological Assertions which Briefly Display the Roman Church (Heidelberg, 1601) 19 Theses
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1600’s
Junius, Franciscus – 15. ‘An Oration Against the Jesuits, a Sermon translated out of the French Idiom into Latin’ 1545 in The Theological Works, vol. 2 (d. 1602; Heidelberg, 1607; 1608) For Junius’s lengthy systematic work against Bellarmine in the same volume, see our page against Bellarmine.
Chamier, Daniel – ‘Jesuit Epistles’ in 2 parts (To & From) appended to A Body of Theology, or Theological Common Places (Geneva, 1653)
Hoornbeek, Johannes – 4. ‘Of Papalism’ in A Sum of Controversies in Religion with Infidels, Heretics and Schismatics (Utrecht, 1653; 1676), pp. 192-329
Du Moulin, Peter – 24. ‘Mortal & Venial Sin’ in Molina, Cappel, Ramburtio, Maresio, Calvino, Le Blanc, Le Vasseur, Alpaeo, A Collection of the Theological Disputations held at Various Times in the Academy of Sedan, vol. 1 (Geneva, 1661), pp. 212-217
.
1700’s
Van Til, Salomon – ‘A Very Brief Description of the Origin of the Errors of Papists’ in A Compendium of Theology (Bern, 1703), pp. 233-41
Van Til (1643-1713)
Stapfer, Johann – Ch. 14. ‘Of Papalism’ in Institutes of Universal Polemical Theology, Ordered in a Scientific Arrangement (Zurich, 1756), vol. 4, pp. 67-335
Stapfer (1708-1775) was a professor of theology at Bern. He was influenced by the philosophical rationalism of Christian Wolff, though, by him “the orthodox reformed tradition was continued with little overt alteration of the doctrinal loci and their basic definitions.” – Richard Muller
.
.
Collections of Articles Against the System of Romanism from Rutherford, Voet & Turretin
Rutherford, Samuel
Apologetic Exercises for Divine Grace (Amsterdam, 1636; 1651)
Exercise 1 – Of the Divine Decrees and the Agreeable Union of Divine Will with Human Liberty
4 – Contrary to Suarez, Vasquez, Molina, Lessius and
. Fonseca, and above all Contrary to Jacob Arminius,
. this [that contingencies are subject to God’s
. Absolute Decree] is Explained by the Union of
. Contingency and the Absolute Decree 105
5 – Contrary to the Same Jesuits and Arminians, the New
. Fiction of a Middle or Conditional Knowledge of God
. is Overthrown 187
Exercise 3 – Of the Temporal Actions of God in Human Liberty 363
2 – Of the Efficacy of Grace, contrary to the Jesuits and
. Arminians 395
3 – The Jesuits’ and Arminians’ Arguments against the
. Predeterminate Efficacy of Grace are Countered
. 477
4 – The Monstrous Fiction of Congruent Calling is
. Rejected, contrary to Suarez, Pedro da Fonseca
. & Bellarmine 502
* An Examination of Arminianism (c. 1639-42; Utrecht, 1668) The sections below labeled with an * have been translated into English here.
Ch. 1, On the Scriptures and Fundamental Articles
13. Whether it follows from this necessity that the Scriptures are obscure in themselves, as the Papists assert? We deny against the same. 87
* 17. Whether, not only all the traditions of the Papists, but even new offices, such as the domineering bishop, etc, human ceremonies, and whatsoever is of positive observance in divine worship contrived by the Antichrist or the bishops and prelates, conflicts with the completeness and perfection of the Scriptures? We affirm against the Arminians. 97
Ch. 2, On God
Heading 4: On God’s Knowledge [Scientia]
11. Whether there is a middle knowledge in God. We deny against the Jesuits and Arminians. 162
Heading 5: On God’s Will and its Execution
23. Whether the dominion of his providence in free acts, according to the view of the Jesuits and Arminians, consists with God? We deny against them. 196
24. Whether such a dominion consists with God as that He be able to effect things so that a free act be rather than not be, according to the Scriptures? We affirm against the Remonstrants and Jesuits. 197
25. Whether God’s dominion requires that all free acts of creatures be principally and determinately from Himself? We affirm against the Remonstrants and Jesuits. 200
27. Whether God wills sin as it is a penalty for sinning? We affirm against the Remonstrants and Jesuits. 210
36. Whether God concurs with material acts of sin by a universal, indifferent, and determinate concurrence through secondary causes? We deny against the Jesuits and Remonstrants. 221
37. Whether an obligation as first cause excuses God so that an evil action be not imputed to Him, even though He gives a general concurrence to it? We deny against the Jesuits and Arminians. 224
43. Whether all acts of good and evil are particularized and determined by God even as far as the numerical singleness and unity of acts [generally]? We affirm against the Jesuits and Arminians. 234
44. Whether [God’s] permission is a bare, non-efficient one, and a dereliction of will, the nature of it being indifferent? We deny against the Jesuits and Arminians. 235
Ch. 6, On Original Sin
4. Whether concupiscence is sin, particularly after baptism and regeneration? We affirm against the Remonstrants and Papists. 314 & 321
5. Whether concupiscence is formally prohibited by the law of God? We affirm against the Remonstrants and Papists. 316
Ch. 7, Of the State of Fallen Man
6. Whether God, by any law founded in the merits of Christ, confers a prevenient [antecedent] grace for doing what is in it? We deny against the Papists. 336
7. Whether God gives grace of conversion to man because he is better disposed, or from any mode of equity and congruency? We deny with a distinction against the Papists and Remonstrants. 337
Ch. 8, On the State of Grace
6. Whether the grace of God efficaciously determines the will? We affirm against the Remonstrants and Jesuits. 371
Ch. 11, On the Manner of Conversion
1. Whether grace irresistibly brings about conversion? We affirm against the Remonstrants and Jesuits. 453
14. Whether the efficacy of grace depends upon a congruent calling? We deny against the Jesuits and Remonstrants. 497
Ch. 12, Of the Justification of Sinners
1. Whether we are justified by faith alone, not by our works? We affirm against the Jesuits and Remonstrants. 498
2. Whether God justly imputes the righteousness of Christ to us? We affirm against the Remonstrants, Papists, and Socinians. 506
* 3. Whether the act of believing is imputed to the believer properly, so that it is therefore his righteousness formally before God? We deny against the Remonstrants and Jesuits. 510
4. Whether, by the grace of God which is granted to the faithful in this life, the law can be fulfilled perfectly? We deny against the Remonstrants, Papists, and Socinians. 511
5. Whether a distinction should be made between mortal and venial sin? We respond with a distinction. 516
6. Whether there is any sin under the New Covenant which is by its nature venial? We deny against the Remonstants and Papists. 517
7. Whether the most excellent works of the regenerate are polluted with sin? We affirm against the Remonstrants and Papists. 520
9. Whether the Apostle speaks of the regenerate man in Rom. 7? We affirm against the Remonstrants and Papists. 527
10. Whether good works are necessary as causes of justification, and therefore also of salvation? We deny against the Remonstrants and Papists. 530
Ch. 13, Of the Perseverance of the Saints
1. Whether (1) adults (2) who are truly regenerate, (3) not for reason of their infirmity, and (4) notwithstanding the intercession of Christ, the principle of a lively faith, the immutable covenant of God, election, and the care and power of God, can so fall away that (i) they part with all right unto the kingdom of God that they once had in Christ, (ii) fall away from the favor and grace of a gratuitous election, and (iii) totally and finally fall away? We deny against the Papists, Pseudo-Lutherans, Socinians, and Remonstrants. 553
Ch. 14, On the Certainty of Salvation
1. Whether any can be certain that he himself is truly justified, in the grace of God, and will continue to be saved? We affirm against the Papists and Remonstrants. 625, 630
Ch. 17, On Synods
1. Respecting synods, how much is to be attributed to the authority of them? Explained and proven against the Papists, Remonstrants, and Separatists. 692
.
A Scholastic Disputation on Divine Providence (Edinburgh, 1649)
ch. 3 – Concerning the new fiction of Middle Knowledge. Whether Middle Knowledge rescues the Providence of God when it comes to the control of contingent things: the flights of
the Jesuits Hieronymus Fasolus, Rodrigo de Arriaga, Diego Ruiz de Montoya, Petrus de Arubal (d. 1608), Gabriel Vázquez, Philipe de Gamaches (d. 1625), and others are examined. 12
ch. 5 – The arguments of Diego Ruiz, Fasolus, Petrus de Arubal, Alexander Pesantius, and others contending for the Middle Knowledge are extracted in parts. 50
ch. 7, Quest. 1, Whether permission is merely non-violentation or non-necessitation of will; as the Jesuits Penotto, Pesantius & Ruiz and the Arminians would have it? 73
ch. 9, Quest. 4-7 – Whether permission of sin is absolutely dependent on the free good pleasure of God, or whether it arises conditionally for the determination of a created will
that is alleging said permission? Gabriele Penotto, Diego Ruiz de Montoya, Theodorus Smising, Jacob Arminius, and others are invoked for their part. 86
14 – The reasons in favor of Middle Knowledge which are poorly understood from the Scriptures by the Jesuit François Annat, opponent of Doctor William Twisse, are explained. That matters move from the state of possibilities to the state of futurition only by means of the will of God from eternity; that created will is not the cause of secret and most high Election and Reprobation; and that the matter is not explained by means of a Middle Knowledge. 164
18 – Whether, supposing that God had stored up the damned unto the day of destruction and had permissively ordained them unto sin, it would then follow that God would be the Author of sin? The passage Prov. 16:4 (“The LORD hath made all things for himself…”) is judged and vindicated. Likewise the passage Rom. 9:17 (“Even for this same purpose have I raised thee up…”). Also, the passage 1 Pet. 2:8 is judged and vindicated.
Bellarmino, Ruiz, Louis le Mairat (d. 1664), Arubal, Fasolus, and the Arminians are invoked in parts. 211
20 – Whether sin is the penalty of sin?Whether GOD wills sin insofar as it is the penalty of sin? Bellarmino, Diego Ruiz, Leonardus Lessius, Gabriele Penotto, Louis le Mairat, Philipe de Gemache, and also the Arminians are invoked in parts. 261
21 – That God does not harden men by bare permission. Regarding the method of hardening, the Jesuits and Arminians are invoked in parts. 287
25 – First, of Durandus and Ludovicus a Dola, deniers of God’s non-mediated concurrence with all secondary causes. Second,the idea is overthrown which argues for a general concurrence of GOD delimited by secondary cause. 371
26 – Whether physical predetermination, by which GOD preordains wills unto entitative physical acts of sin, makes God to be the Author of sin?Whether this is fate? Whether Manaechism? Whether, according to the doctrine of the Jesuits and the Arminians, the general and indifferent concurrence of God truly absolves God from copartnership with crime? Diego Ruiz, Arriaga, Suarez, Raynaud, Jacob Arminius, etc., are invoked in parts. 383
27 – The reasons which Rodrigo de Arriaga, Suarez, Théophile Raynaud, and Guillaume Gibieuf give against God’s predetermination unto material acts of sin are discussed.
The reasons given by Jacob Arminius, Nicolaas Grevinchoven,
and Diego Ruiz, insofar as they contend that the act of sin itself is distinguished from malice, are noted with censure. 434
28 – First, that the special Providence of God which is determinative of acts of sin and individuates them, would stand out. Second,that the “general concurrence” of the Arminians and the Jesuits, out of their Doctrine, entangles GOD with a bond of crimes. Third, the distinction is defended by which malice of actions is exposed to have its origin from a created will, not from God. 478
29 – First, that Calvin, Beza, and our own authors use formulas of speech that agree with the Scriptures, and with quite an orthodox understanding; and that they do not sound in
unison with the Libertines. Second, the chapter answers the objections of Jacob Arminius and the Jesuits. 478
30 – That the Patristics, the Doctors, and the Scholastics stand with us regarding God’s active Providence in sin. 523
Metaphysical Inquiries
Whether creatures are able to act without a concurrent primary cause? Whether God moves a secondary cause by a previous concurrence or a simultaneous one? Concerning the insanity of the Jesuits in this matter. 592
.
* Voet, Gisbert
Select Theological Disputations, vol. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (Utrecht, 1648-1667)
Vol. 1
2. Of Scholastic Theology 12
6. Of the Fathers, or the Doctors of the Ancient Church, Part 1 74
7. Part 2 87
8. The New Jesuit Skepticism about the Principles of the Christian Faith 108
14. Of the Knowledge [Scientia] of God 246
30. Of the Question: Is Christ to be Worshipped as Mediator? 520
31. Of the Same, Appendix Part 1 536
46. Of the Heavenly Hierarchy & of Guardian Angels 882
Vol. 2
11. Of the Same, a Short Appendix on the Descent to Inferos [Grave, Nether World, Hell] 188
14. Problems about the Merit of Christ 228
15. Of the Same, Part 2 238
16. Of the Same, Part 3 255
17. Of the Same, Part 4 268
18. Of the Same, Part 5 277
19. Of Indulgences 286
20. Of the Same, Part 2 291
21. Of the Person of Christ the Mediator 304
22. Of the Same, Part 2 313
23. Of the Same, Part 3 324
24. Of the Same, an Appendix of Some Questions 341
31. Of the Same [Regeneration], an Appendix on [secundo?] the Moment of Conversion 465
42. An Inventory of the Roman Church, or the Papacy 684
43. The Discerning Note of the Papacy 687
44. Of the Evolution[?] [Translatione] of the Papacy from Peter to the Pope 698
45. An Orderly Presentation [Method] Warding Off the Presumption, Succession, Antiquity & Catholicity of the Papacy 724
46. Of the Same, a Short Appendix, a an Orderly Presentation Demonstrating the Novelty of the Papacy 724
[?] 47. The Papacy itself Throws out the Force of Truth for the Assertion of the Fundamentals of Christianity, and of Salvation Through the Mercy of God Alone in Christ 726
48. Of the Same, Part 2 742
49. Of the Same, Part 3 756
50. A Query on the Faith of Papists: Is it Saving or Damning? 776
51. An Inventory of Controversies, of the Temporal Power of the Pope 791
52. Of the Same, Part 2 807
53. Question: Is the Roman Throne Compatible with Reformed Governments? 827
54. Of the Same, an Appendix of Some Problems 856
55. Of the Donation of Constantine 868
56. A Historical-Theological Query on the Official [Imperii] Translation from Greek into French 882
72. ‘A Narration of the Wonderful Acts of the Spirit ad Posonium Gestae‘ [a RC book from 1643, on WorldCat & GB] 1141
73. An Exercitation[?] on Thomas, Part 1, Question 12, Article 1, ‘Of the Vision of God, According to the Essence’ 1193
74. Of the Same, Part 2 1203
75. Exercitation on Thomas, Part 1, Part 2 [?], Question 3, Article 4, ‘Of the Subject of Blessedness and of [its?] the Formal Act’ 1217
76. Of the Same, Part 2 1228
77. Of the Purgatory of the Papists 1240
Vol. 3
12. Added Unto the Disputation on Superstition, where is Treated of Genuflection at the Name of Jesus and unto the Table, or Altar 139
13. Part 2 163
14. Part 3 179
15. Part 4 201
16. Part 5 214
18. Of Indirect Idolatry and of Participating in Idolatry 234
19. Of the Same, Part 2 245
20. A Short Appendix on Prayer to the East 269
21. Of the Same, Part 3 278
23. A Question Proposed from the Classis [Presbytery] of Gorinchem to the Theological Faculty of Utrecht [with an answer, regarding whether reformed persons may be joined with Papists under certain conditions] 358
24. Notes & Observations of Albaspinus on Canons 2-4, 40, 55, 56, 59 of the Council of Eliberin [on Indirect Idolatry] 368
25. Of the Canonization of Saints 386
26. Of the Same, Part 2, 393
27. Of the Same, Part 3, 400
32. Of the Deities[?] or Some Chimerical Saints, the First, which is of Ursula [d. 383], etc. 472
33. Of the Same, Part 2 of the First 482
34. Of the Same, Part 3 of the First 492
35. An Index of the Chimerical Saints 503
36. Of the Same, Part 3 509
37. Appendix to the Disputations on Superstition and Idolatry 532
45. Of Being [?] Taught Ignorance 668
46. Of the Same, Part 2 681
56. Of Faith, Conscience & Dubious Theology 825
57. Of the Same, Part 2 834
59. The Status of the Inficialis [Staining?] Question of the Worship of Images in the Papacy 870
60. Of Cross-Worship, or the Worship and Abuse of the Cross 884
61. Of the Same, Part 2 893
62. Of the Same, Part 3 900
63. An Addition to the Disputations on Cross-Worship and Indirect Idolatry 931
65. Of the Pseudo-Mortifications of the Papacy 946
66. Of Processions 960
67. Of Pilgrimages Compostellanis [?] 987
68. First Short Appendix on Pilgrimages to Jerusalem 999
69. Second Short Appendix on Relics 1002
70. Third Short Appendix on Pilgrimages to the Blood of Boxtelensa [?] 1003
71. Of Pseudo-Prayers, Rosaries, Litanies, Canonical Hours & the Offices of the Roman Church 1013
72. Of Little-Bead[?] Prayers 1023
73. Of Pseudo-Prayers, etc., Part 2 1037
74. Of Litanies 1049
75. Of Pseudo-Prayers, etc., Part 3 1056
76. Appendix on the Office, or the Canonical Hours of Blessed Mary 1068
77. Of Benedictions, Consecrations & Sacraments 1076
79. Of a Religious Vow 1100
80. Of the Same, Part 2 1113
81. Of the Same, Part 3 1123
82. Of Exorcism 1135
83. Of the Same, Part 2 1150
84. Appendix on the Exorcism of Baptized Infants 1173
85. Second Appendix 1188
86. Of Divination and Other Abuses of the Divine Name 1194
93. Of the Sabbath Day and Festival Days 1227
94. Of the Same, Part 2 1252
96. Appendix of Festivals and the Extra Quasi-Festivals the Papacy Observes 1314
97. A Short Appendix on Ecclesiastical Computation and the Correction of the Gregorian Calendar 1346
98. On the [Roman Catholic] Jubilee [involving a release from Purgatory, etc.] 1354
99. A Short Appendix on the Jesuit Jubilee 1381
Vol. 4
2. Of the Law and Gospel, Part 1 17
3. Of the Same, Part 2 30
4. Of the Same, Part 3 47
16. Of the Blind Obedience of the Papists, Part 1 182
17. Of the Same, Part 2 194
21. Of the Murder and Hurting of Oneself, even of Voluntary Flagellation 244
26. Of the Same [Vanities of this world], Third Disputation, which is of Abuses in Food & Feasts 385
27. Of the Same, Fourth Disputation, which is of Luxury and Vanity in Clothes, Houses and Goods[?] 403
41. Some Problems about the Ninth Commandment of the Decalogue, of Lying, a False Appearance and of Disguising, Part 1 631
42. Of the Same, Part 2, of Deceit, Equivocation & Mental Reservation 640
47. Disquisition on Thomas, Part 2, Part 1, Questions 68-70, of Blessed Gifts and the Fruits of the Spirit 729
Vol. 5
3. Is Christ’s Saving the Elect by the Special Grace of Regeneration and Faith Meritorious? 270
1-6 Of Justification 277
1 Of the Roman Proteus [the god of ‘elusive sea change’, according to the constantly changing nature of the sea; Proteus comes from the adjective protean, with the general meaning of “versatile”, “mutable”, “capable of assuming many forms”], or a Setting Forth [Defensio] of the Reasons [Causae] that Rome is Always Changing [Mutata Mutanda] 435
1 A Gleaning unto a Historical Discussion of the Popess Joan [Ioannes Anglicus, A.D. 855-857] 444
1 Of the State of Souls After Death 533
1 Of the Soul of Trajan Liberated from Hell [Inferno] 538
1-12 Of the Gestures of Praying 550
1-5 Of Subsequent Grace 716
.
Ecclesiastical Politics, vol. 1 (1st part of the 1st part), 2 (2nd part of the 1st part), 3 (2nd part), 4 (3rd part) (Amsterdam, 1663-1676) There is a table of contents at the beginning of each volume.
.
Book 1, Of the Object of Ecclesiastical Polity
Tract 1, Of the Instituted Church
5. Containing the Fourth Class of Questions about Divisions of the Instituted Church, where is treated of the Parochial, Village or Rural, Domestic, Princely, Camp, Nautical, Scholastic and Provincial Church.
[?] 6. Of Ecclesiastical Colleges, Cathedrals or Dioceses, Archbishops or Metropolitans, Patriarchs and Ecumenics.
Book 1, Tract 2
Of the Power, Polity & Canons of the Churches
5. Some Particular Questions are Determined about the Subject of Ecclesiastical Power [Who may Hold and Exercise it]: Is it of the Magistrate and other Political Confederations? At Least During a Corrupt or Turbulent State of the Church? [Is it held by] The Pope, Bishops, etc. Courts of them, Cathedrals of the Church, Councils; or of Solely the Ministry, a Court of Them, or an Ecumentical or Catholic Church; or the Populus?
8. Of Ecclesiastical Canons, Decrees, Ordinances and Custom.
9. Some Thesis Questions about Ecclesiastical Canons are Explained.
10. Contains Chronicles of Some Questions, even General and Particular.
11. Contains Questions on Ecclesiastical Decrees and on Custom.
12. Ecclesiastical Law or Canon in General and Historical Explained.
13. An Explication of the Historical Body of Canon Law.
14. Of the Judgment of the Body of Canons, or of the Pontifical Right, and of the Study of Them.
15. Some Questions on Canon Law.
Part 1, Book 2
Of Ecclesiastical Things, or Acts and Exercises
Tract 1
Of Formularies, or Liturgies and Rituals
4. The Controversy which Comes Between us and the Papacy on the Same Ceremonies, in General
8. Questions on Some Rituals in Particular: on the Laying on of Hands, the [Holy] Kiss, Abstinence from Things Strangled and Blood, the Marriage Rite, Anointing, Shaking the Feet of Dust, Love Feasts, the Rite of Covenanting and of the Washing of Feet.
Tract 2, Section 4
Of the Administration of the Lord’s Supper
2. Of the Consecration of the Symbols
5. Of the Rites of Breaking, Receiving, Genuflection and Elevation
Book 2, Tract 4
Of Extraordinary, Public Practices: of Fastings and Thanksgivings
1. A Description and Distinguishing of Religious Fastings, with a Censure of Roman-Papist Pseudo-Fastings
Part 1, Book 3
Of Occasional Practices and Pseudo-Practices
Tract 1, of Marrying
Section 2, of Marriage
1. Of the Causes and Conditions being Required unto Marriage, and of the Impediments of the Same 41
5. Of Marriages Following, or Remarriage; of the Marriage of Cousins and Certain others which Human Law has Prohibited, though in Conscience they are not Unlawful 95
6. Of the Profession of Betrothals, Proclamations, of the Matrimonial Benediction, the Confirmation of the Same, Rituals, and of the Wedding Feast
Section 3, Of that which is Against Marriage
1. Of Lawful and Unlawful Celibacy 149
3. Of Rejections and Divorces, which, of Themselves Release the Bond of Marriage 170
4. Of Malicious Desertion 188
5. Of Various Marriage Incompatibilities, the Contempt and Condemnation of Marriage, of Having Multiple Wives, a Changing [Giving, Selling, etc.] of the Same, a Barren Marriage, Incest, an Abominable Confusion of the Sexes, Polygamy, a Rendering of Service, Concubinage, Promiscuous Desire [Vaga Libidine], Perfidious Repudiations, Divorces, Desertions and of Marriages and Promiscuous Desire in the Future World 197
Part 1, Book 4
Of the External Adjuncts of Ecclesiastical Practices
Tract 1
Of the Liberty, Immunity and Dignity of the Church
7. Is Liberty for Papal Exercise[s] to be Conceded in Civil States which have been Reformed? 490
8. At this time, is Liberty for the Exercise[s] of Papists in the Belgic Federation to be Conceded for Political or Ecclesiastical Reasons? 497
11. Of the Liberty of Exemption, or of Ecclesiastical Immunity 584
12. Of the Dignity of the Church 584
Book 4, Tract 2
Of the Property of the Church, or of Ecclesiastical Goods
1. Of the Name, Definition and Division of Ecclesiastical Goods 595
3. The Next Issue to be Considered [Questio] is General, on the Origin and Acquisition of Ecclesiastical Goods, where these Six Distinct Points Ought to be Considered: 1. Who, and by Whom, are they Acquired? 2. Among Whom? 3. by what Means, or in what Manner? 4. of what Kind? 5. How Much? 6. For what End and Effect? 665
7. Shameful Things, Having been Hidden, are Exposed, along with the Defense of Wastefulness. 1. A Brief Argument is Shaken off from a Particular, which is Entirely and Only as an Argument to the Man [Ad Hominem] in this Matter, to be Able to Make one Absolved. An Exception about the Agreement of the Magistrate is Rejected. 722
8. Eight Escapes of Usurpers and Wasters are Taken Up 733
11. Clouds of Testimonies on the Use and Abuse of Goods are Adduced. 791
Book 4, Tract 3
Of the Stipends of Ministers
6. Of Ecclesiastical Benefits in the Papacy 838
Book 4, Tract 4
Of the External Requisites and Adjuncts of Sacred Practices
1. Of the Temporalities of Sacred Practices
Tract 4, Section 2
Of Church-Buildings
1. Of Church-Buildings and Places of Holy Things under the Old and New Testament 851
2. Of the Church-Buildings of Papists 862
3. Questions on Church-Buildings are Pressed Hard in the Controversy Between us and the Pontiffs 868
4. Textual Problems, and the History of Church-Buildings is Delineated 872
5. A Delineation of Some More Dogmatic Problems on Church-Buildings 881
6. A Delineation of Some Other Problems, More Moral and Practical, on Church-Buildings 887
Tract 4, Section 3
Of Utensils and Other Adjuncts of Church-Buildings
1. Of Bells 894
2. Of Vessels and other Sacred Utensils which themselves are of an Active Church-Building, They Being Kept in the Chancel [Choro Continentur]
3. Of Altars
4. Of 1. Candlesticks, Candles, Lamps; 2. Censers; 3. Books; 4. Sacred Vestments. 936
5. Of Cemetaries 939
6. Of Dedications [of Church-Buildings and Anniversary Feasts] 960
Part 2, Book 1, Of the People of the Church
Tract 1
1. Of the People of the Church in General 1
2. Of the Relations, Quantity, Liberty, Power, Dignity, Equality and Obedience of the People of the Church 14
3. A Doubt and Objections Against the Equality and Obedience of Members of the Church are Taken Up 31
Book 1, Tract 2
Of that which is in Them, which are Reckoned amongst the People
1. Of the Distinction[s] of those Numbered Among the People by Internal and Ecclesiastical Qualities 85
2. Of the Division of the People by External and Secular Qualities 86
Book 1, Tract 3
Of Confessors and Martyrs
1. Of Confessors 89
2. Objections Against the Necessity of a Confession of Faith are Solved and Related Questions are Determined 96
3. Of Persecution and Persecutors 112
4. Of Martyrdom and Martyrs in General 121
5. Of Various Distinctions and Divisions About Martyrs 126
A Short Appendix on the History of Martyrs 137
Part 2, Book 2
Which is of Ministers and the Ecclesiastical Ministry
Tract 1
Of the Necessity, Difficulty, etc. of a Minister
1. Of the Necessity of a Minister 213
2. Objections Against the Necessity of a Minister are Responded to 223
4. Of the Authority or Power of a Minister 247
5. Objections Against the Divinely Collated Authority of Ministers are Orderly Responded to 253
6. Some Questions about the Authority of a Minister are Explained, of which Some Concern the Nature and Properties of Power and Authority in Itself; Others, the Exercise of Them. 263
10. Of the Efficacy and Power of a Minister 336
Book 2, Tract 2
Of the Classes, Orders and Grades of Sacred Ministers
1. Of the Division of Ministers into Ordinary and Extraordinary; and of the Extraordinary Ministers of the Old Testament: the Patriarchs and Prophets 337
2. Of the Extraordinary Ministers Under the New Testament, and First, of the Apostles 351
3. Of the Evangelists and Prophets of the New Testament 364
4. Of the Extraordinary Ministry of John the Baptist 372
Book 2, Tract 3
Of the Ordinary Ministers of the Old and New Testament
2. Of the Ordinary Ministers of the New Testament, and of Pastors, or Preachers 401
3. Of the Functions of Pastors Negatively, or of Neglect, that is, of non-Attention to Himself and to the Church 405
4. Of Elders and Presbyters Governing 436
5. Objections Against the Order of Elders Responded to 462
6. Some of the Problems About Elders are Responded to 471
7. Of Doctors 479
8. Of Deacons 496
Book 2, Tract 4
Of Assisting Helpers to the Sacred Minister and Ministers
1. Of Deaconesses 508
2. Of the Visitors of the Sick, Announcers [Proponentibus], Catechists, Readers, Precentors, Custodians, Porters or Messengers 514
3. Of Visitors, Examiners, Deputies or Ambassadors, Correspondents, Presidents, Assessors and Registrars 527
Book 3, Tract 2
Of the Opposites to Calling
1. Of the History of the Law of Patronage 580
2. The Law of Patronage is Indicted 595
5. The Consensus of Antiquity on Ecclesiastical Elections 617
6. Objections and Exceptions are Responded to 612
7. Some Particular Questions about the Usurpation of the Law of Patronage are Responded to 632
8. Of the Use of a Clerical Patron of Patrons, whether of the Heterodox or the Orthodox 637
9. Those are Examined which are Against our Sentiment and Diatribe on the Law of Patronage; They are Added from Some. 644
Part 2, Book 4
Of the Roman Heirarchy
Book 4, Tract 1
Of Governing Clerics
1. Of the Greatest Pontiff [the Pope] 775
Appendix 784
A Compendium of Some Principal Things Contained in the Ceremonial of Gregory XV, and of the Election of the Roman Pontiff 785
2. Of Cardinals 793
3. Of Patriarchs, Primates, Archbishops, Bishops, Deans 816
4. A Delineation of a Brief Controversy about Episcopacy 832
5. Containing a Disquisition on Presbytery and Episcopacy 850
. Part 1 851
. Part 2 859
. [Four] Consequences 869
6. Of Ecclesiastical Governments According to Ordinaries[?], Those put Forward[?], Archdeacons, Archpresbyters, Vicars, Counselors 869
Appendix to Ch. 6 876
Book 4, Tract 2
Of Ecclesiastical Attendants [Ministrantibus]
1. Of Pastors [Parochis] and Priests [Sacerdotibus] 879
2. Of Deacons, Sub-deacons, Acolytes, Exorcists, Readers, Porters 885
3. Of Ecclesiastical Attendants, Canons and House-Rules [Oeconomis] 895
Table of [the Titles of] Majesty and Power of the Sacred Monastery of Casinum 897
Book 4, Tract 3
Of Ecclesiastical Assistants
2. Of Doctors and Professors of Cannonical Law 918
Book 4, Tract 4
Of Ecclesiastical Supererogators
Section 1, Of Monasticism in General
1. Of the Suppositions and Fundamentals of Monasticism 925
2. Of the Efficient, Fundamental and Occasional Causes of Monasticism 929
3. Of Examples of Monasticism, which are Produced out of Scripture and Antiquity 940
Section 2, Of Monastics in General
1. A Description of a Common Monk. A General Description and Subject Theses [Quaestionibus], and the Note of a Monk is Exhibited. 950
2. Doctrinal Issues, Moral Suppositions and the Foundation of Monasticism 964
3. Explications of Textual Questions about the Suppositions and Foundation 976
4. Historical Questions about the Suppositions and Fundamentals of Monasticism 985
5. The Primary Divisions of Monastics from the Form, or Rules, and from the Subject 993
6. Of Monastics in Excess, etc. 997
7. Of Monastics in Defect 1002
8. Of Moderate Monasticism in-between Excess and Defect 1004
9. Some Problems on Rules and Examples [Analogiis] of Them, especially of Cloppe, are Explicated 1012
10. Of the Strictest [Religiosis], or the Monks of the Society of Jesus 1021
Tract 4, Section 3
Of Examples [? Analogis] and Relations of Monasticism, Brotherhoods and Holy Soldiers
1. Of Brotherhoods in General 1034
2. Of Brotherhoods of Mary 1048
3. Reasons for Brotherhoods are Attacked, Objections and Exceptions are Refuted and some Questions are Responded to 1067
4. Of the Holy War of the Pope, or the Religious Ordinances of Knights [Equitum] in the Roman Church 1080
5. Of the Johannites 1087
6. Questions are Responded to About Holy Soldiers 1095
7. Of the Ordinance of the Johannites in the Belgic Federation, Whether it ought to be Retained or Set Aside 1102
8. Reasons for Demanding the Recovery of the Johannites are Dissolved 1111
9. Some other Objections for the Recovery of the Johannites are Refuted 1118
10. Is the Order of the Equestrian Johannites Neutral? 1123
11. Hypothetical, or Historic-Theological Questions 1125
12. Questions of Controversy Between Papists 1128
. Addenda 1129
Book 1, Tract 2
Of the Government, Appointment and Maintenance of Examinations, Exercises, Elections and Visitations
1. Of Examinations 74
2. Of Ecclesiastical Visitations 92
3. Of the Appointing and Governing of Ecclesiastical Callings and all the Exercises and Actions in the Church 109
Book 1, Tract 3
Of the Assemblies, Gatherings [Collegiis] and Corresponding Relations of the Antecedents of Churches
7. Of the Persons present in Synod, or of the Persons Convened to the Synod 190
Book 1, Tract 4
Of Ecclesiastical Books, Records, Writings and Instruments
1. Of Ecclesiastical Books 272
2. Of Ecclesiastical Records and Writings 278
Part 3, Book 2
Considerations on the Governing and Ordering of the Church Respecting its being Erected
Tract 1, Of the First Planting and Collection of Churches
1. Of the Plantation and Planters of Churches 293
Appendix: Of the Builders of Church Buildings, the Erectors of Colleges and the Founders of Revenues 316
3. Of the Missions and Missionaries of the Papacy 349
Book 2, Tract 2
Of the Government of the Church, which Ought to be Maintained and Augmented
1. Of the Augmentation and Multiplication of Exercises, Acts and Ecclesiastical Offices 355
Book 2, Tract 3
Of the Government of the Churches Less Conspicuous
3. Of the Means for the Propagation of Religion and the Augmenting of the Church by the Conversion of the Infidels, Heretics and Idolaters 404
Book 2, Tract 4
Of Churches by Analogy [Analogicis] which ought to be Raised, Encouraged and Governed
1. Of Churches in Courts and Academies 409
2. Of the Governance of Military Churches 4141
Tract 3, Section 2
Of the Joining With [Syncretismo] or Union of the Separatist Churches
5. All the Notable Deliberations and Endeavors about the Joining Together, or Union, of Protestants and the Reformed with the Roman Church are Referenced and Noted 615
Book 3, Tract 4
Containing a Disquisition on the Means to Reformation and to the Joining Together of the Churches which ought at some Point to be Adhered to or as are Usually Commended
Section 1
Of Colloquiums, Conferences [Collationibus] & Disputations
4. Containing an Index of Conferences and Disputations about Religion 667
Book 3, Tract 4, Section 3
Of Amnesty, Conciliation and Neutrality
1. Of Amnesty 741
Part 3, Book 4, Of Ecclesiastical Discipline
Book 4, Tract 1, Of Ecclesiastical Power
5. Of the Mandatory Power and Mandates [Greek] or [Greek] of the Churches 787
7. Of the Legislative Power of the Churches 795
8. Of the Jurisdiction or the Judicial Power of the Church 798
9. Of Ecclesiastical Punishment or Correction, and Censure 800
11. Whether the Ecclesiastical Power Imparted by Churches having been Reformed is a Papal Mastery [Imperium]? 805
12. Another Certain Mode is Shaken Off, of Another Method of Sacred Power and Government which Ought to be Refused, and of those Church Magistrates which Ought to be Allotted 806
13. Another Method to the Building of Caesaro-Papism is Examined 817
Book 4, Tract 2
Of the Keys to the Kingdom of Heaven
1. Of the Keys of the Kingdom of Heaven 841
2. Of the Key of Discipline, [with] a Handling [Tractatio] of Homonymous and Synonymous Terms 843
4. Of the Object of Ecclesiastical Discipline 848
7. Of Ecclesiastical Correction 857
9. Of Citation, Suspension, etc. 861
10. Of the Causes of Discipline: Impulsive or Meritorious 863
11. Of Distributing or Administering Causes of Discipline 865
12. Of Suspension 865
13. Of the Mode of the Administration of Discipline 869
14. Of the Ends or Effects of Discipline 872
15. A Consequence out of of the Doctrine on the Effects of Discipline is Deduced 875
16. On the Division of Discipline 879
17. On that which Follows upon Discipline 881
Book 4, Tract 3
Of Excommunication
1. The Term ‘Excommunication’ and the Thing itself is Explained through the Definition [of it] 882
2. Of the Efficient Causes of Excommunication 885
3. Of the Object, or Subject of Excommunication 889
4. Of the Mode of Excommunication 909
5. Of the Effects of Excommunication 922
6. Of the Ends and Uses of Excommunication 929
7. Of Repentance and the Restitution of [Recovering Persons From?] Excommunications 930
Book 4, Tract 4
Of the Opposites of Discipline
2. Of Some of the Repugnant Things in the Usurping of Discipline in the Papacy; First, of the Bodily Afflictions of the External Man 943
3. An Enumeration of the Many Abuses and Repugnant Things in the Ecclesiastical Discipline which has been Instituted in, or Observed by the Papacy 953
4. Various Abuses are Recounted which Ought to be Referred to the Power of the Church in General or to Censures in Specific 969
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Turretin, Francis – Works, vol. 4, Disputations
On the Necessity of Our Secession from the Church of Rome
1. The State of the Question is Propounded: the Roman Church is Argued to be Heretics 3
2. First Part on Roman Idolatry 31
3. Second Part on Roman Idolatry 53
4. Third Part on Roman Idolatry 77
5. On Roman Tyranny 97
6. On the Romish Babylon 125
7. A Demonstration of the Antichrist 147
8. Objections are Solved 181
.
.
Latin Books
1600’s
Pareus, David – Collection 9, ’40 Disputations on the Controversies of the Jesuit Cardinal, Robert Bellarmine’ in Theological Collections of Universal Orthodox Theology, where also All of the Present Theological Controversies are Clearly and Variously Explained, vol. 2 (1611/20)
Pareus (1548-1622)
1. The Canon of the Sacred Scriptures 389
2. The Editions, Versions & Readings of the Sacred
. Scriptures 397
3. The Interpretations of the Sacred Scriptures 403
4. About Traditions 413
5. Of God, One & Three 421
6. Of the Incarnation of the Son of God 424
7. Of the Monarchical Church of the Apostle Peter 430
8. Of the Successors of the Roman Pontiff in the Monarchical
. Church of the Apostle Peter 433
9. On the Antichrist 436
10. Continuation of the Antichrist 442
11. On the Power of the Roman Pontiff, Spiritual &
. Temporal 447
12. On Ecclesiastical Councils 450
13. Of the Church & its Notes 455
14. Of Clerics 465
15. Of Monks 467
16. Of the Civil Power or Magistrate 470
17. About Purgatory 476
18. Of the Blessedness & Canonization of the Saints 482
19. Of the Veneration of Relics & Images 487
20. Of the Sacraments in General 492
21. Of the Effect, Difference & Number of the Sacraments 498
22. Of the Sacrament of Baptism & of Confirmation 503
23. Of the Eucharist 510
24. Of the Possibility of the Presence of the Body of
. Christ under the Appearance of the Eucharist 515
25. Of the Substance, Rite, Effect, Integrity & Veneration of
. the Sacrament of the Eucharist 520
26. Of the Mass 525
27. Of the Pseudo-Sacrament of Penitence 530
28. Of Indulgences, Extreme Unction, Ecclesiastical Order
. & Matrimony 536
29. About the Grace of the First Man 540
30. Of the Cause of Sin 546
31. Of the First Sin & its Effects 550
32. Of Grace & Free-Will 557
33. Of Free-Will 562
34. Of Free-Will in Morals & Spirituals 568
35. Of the Nature & Proper Act of Justification by Faith 572
36. Of the Formal Cause of Justification & of Inherent
. Righteousness 582
37. Of the Uncertainty, Immutability & Inequality of
. Righteousness 590
38. Of the Necessity & Righteousness of Works 598
39. Of the Merits of Works 606
40. Of the Good Works in Particular: Prayer, Fasting &
. Alms 613
.
Hommius, Festus – 70 Theological Disputations Against Papists (Leiden, 1614)
Table of Contents
1. Books of Sacred Scripture 1
2. Authority of Sacred Scripture 5
3. Perfection of Sacred Scripture 9
4. Perspicuity of Sacred Scripture 13
5. Interpretation of Sacred Scripture, as to the Words: or, the Versions & Reading of Sacred Scripture 16
6. Interpretation of Sacred Scripture, as to the Sense: of the Judge of Controversies of Faith 20
7. Divinity of Christ, or Accordingly, is it Possible to Call Him, ‘Auto-Theos’? 26
8. Human Nature of Christ, or of the Body & Spirit of Christ 29
9. The Mediatorial Office of Christ 34
10. The Descent of Christ to ‘Inferos’ & the Limbo of the Fathers 37
11. Of the Ideal Church Government 43
12. Primacy of the Apostle Peter & of the Pontiff of Rome in his Succession 47
13. Antichrist 51
14. The Power of the Pope in Spiritual Matters 58
15. The Power of the Pope in Temporal Matters 64
16. The Necessity, Distribution & End of Councils 72
17. The Stipulations of a Legitimate Council 77
18. Authority of Councils 84
19. Essence of the Church 90
20. Is the Church Always Visible? And is it Able to Utterly Fall Away? 98
21. Is it Possible for the Church to Err? 103
22. Notes of the True Church 107
23. Roman Church, or of the Pontificate & of the Reforming Church 115
24. Clerics, or of Ecclesiastical Ministers & their Calling 124
25. The Orders of Ecclesiastical Ministers 132
26. Celibacy of Church Ministers 140
27. Stipends & Immunities of Church Ministers 144
28. Monastics & Hermits 149
29. Monastic Vows, Evangelical Councils & Works of Supererogation 156
30. The Magistrate & his Office About Religion 168
31. The Peace of Religion, & of Heretics 180
32. Purgatory 187
33. Suffrages, or the Prayers of the Living for the Dead, & of the Burial of the Dead 196
34. Of the Blessedness & Canonization of Dead Saints 204
35. Of the Worship & Invocation of Dead Saints 209
36. Worship of Relics 216
37. Worship of Images & of the Sign of the Cross 221
38. Worship of Consecrated Things 231
39. Church Buildings 237
40. Pilgrimages & of Processions 244
41. Festivals of Christians 251
42. Nature of Sacraments 257
43. Number, Effects & Ceremonies of the Sacraments 262
44. Baptism 267
45. Baptismal Ceremony 273
46. Confirmation 277
47. Supper of the Lord 281
48. Right Use & Effects of the Lord’s Supper & the Communion Under Both Kinds 289
49. Mass 297
50. Penitence [Poenitentia] 305
51. Oral Confession & of Satisfaction 311
52. Indulgences & of Release [Iubilaeo] 318
53. Extreme Unction & of the Order 326
54. Marriage 332
55. State of Man Before the Fall & of Paradise 341
56. Sin & its Cause 349
57. Fall of Adam 358
58. Original Sin 364
59. Grace of God 373
60. Predestination 384
61. Free-Will of Man 392
62. Justifying Faith 406
63. Justification 412
64. Certainty of Salvation 422
65. Perseverance of the Saints 429
66. Perfection of Man in this Life 437
67. Good Works in General 444
68. Prayer 455
69. Fasting 466
70. Alms 472
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Scharp, John – A Course of Theology, in which all the Dogmas & Controversies of Faith agitated in this generation between us and Papists are handled one by one and the arguments of Bellarmine are responded to, vol. 1, 2 (Geneva, 1620) Extended Latin Table of Contents
Sharp (1572-1648) was also influential in France. Even though this work is against the Papists, Scharp handles most of the topics of theology in systematic order.
Brief Table of Contents
vol. 1
1. Of Theology 1
2. Of Sacred Scripture 8
3. Of God 170
4. Of the Trinity 208
5. Of Predestination 288
6. Of Creation 366
7. Of the Image of God in Man Before the Fall 367
8. Of Angels 388
9. Of the Providence of God 408
10. Of Sin 411
11. Of Original Sin 456
12. Of Actual Sin 506
13. Of the Sin Against the Holy Spirit 522
14. Of the Evil of Punishment 531
15. Of Free Choice 542
16. Of the Law of God 585
17. Of the Gospel 688
18. The Covenant & Testament 701
19. Of Christ the Mediator 703
20. Of the Office of Christ 817
21. Of Calling 898
22. Of Justification 921
23. Of Repentance 1152
24. Of the Christian Life 1230
25. Of Christian Liberty 1236
26. Of Fasting 1251
27. Of Scandal 1265
28. Of Prayer 1269
29. Of Glorification 1280
30. Of the Resurrection of the Body 1284
31. Of the Last Judgment 1291
32. Of Life Eternal 1294
33. Of the Sacraments 1301
34. Of Baptism 1345
35. Of the Lord’s Supper 1381
36. Of the Five Spurious Sacraments 1555
.
1. Of the Church 9
2. Of the Church Triumphant 19
3. Of the Church Militant 87
4. Of the Body of the Church Militant 273
5. Of Councils 385
6. Of Monastics 441
7. Of Vows 457
8. Of the Magistrate 488
9. Of Purgatory 521
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Alsted, Johann Heinrich – Polemical Theology, Exhibiting the Principal Eternal Things of Religion in Navigating Controversies (Hanau, 1620; 1627)
Alsted (1588-1638)
Brief Table of Contents
Part 4, Controversies with the Romanists
Sacred Scripture 349
Christ the Mediator 369
The Roman Pontiff 379
Councils 390
Of Controversies 394
Church 396
Clericis 406
Monastics 414
Laics [On the Civil Magistrate] 426
Church Striving in Purgatory 433
Burial 442
Church Triumphant in Heaven & of the Saints in Heaven 444
Relics, Images & the Worship of Things 451
Church Buildings & Feasts 461
Sacraments in General 465
Baptism & Confirmation 475
Sacrament of the Eucharist & the Sacrifice of the Mass 483
Repentance & Indulgences 502
The Three Other Sacraments: Extreme Unction, Ordination & Matrimony 513
Grace of the First Man in Paradise 520
The Loss of Grace & the State of Sin 526
Grace & the Predestination of God, & the Free-Will of Man 538
Justification & of Good Works in General 548
Of the Good Works in Specific: Prayer 566
. Fasting 569
. Alms 572
.
* Chamier, Daniel – Panstratiae Catholicae, or a Body of the Controversies of Religion Against the Papists, vols. 1 (Canon), 2 (God, Worship of God), 3 (Man), 4 (Sacraments), 5 (Church) (Frankfurt, 1627-1629)
“The name of Chamier (d. 1621) is one of the greatest, not only among Calvinistic divines, but in all theological literature. His Panstratiae Catholicae (1626) is the ablest work from a Calvinistic hand in in the great Roman Catholic Controversy, and takes its general rank with books like Chemnitz’s Examen and Gerhard’s Confessio Catholica. It was prepared at the request of the Synod of Larochelle. There is no difference of opinion among competent judges as to its distinguished merits, and it is justly regarded among all Calvinists as one of the highest authorities.” – Krauth, a Lutheran, p. 47
.
Table of Contents
Locus 1, The Canon
Inquiry 1, What Should be the Rule [Canon]?
Book 1, Scripture 1
Book 2, Not the Church: Papal Arguments 14
Book 3, Not the Pope: Papal Arguments 24
Inquiry 2, Of the Parts of the Canon
Book 4, Of the Apocryphal Books: Papal Arguments 45
Book 5, Catholic Arguments 52
Of the Nature of the Canon
Inquiry 1, From where is the Authority of the Canon?
Book 6, From Only Itself 72
Book 7, Papal Arguments 89
Inquiry 2, of the Perfection of Scripture
Book 8 101
Book 9 Papal Arguments 134
Of the Use of the Canon
Book 10, of Reading the Scriptures 178
Of Understanding Scripture
Book 11, of Translating the Scriptures 190
Book 12, of the Authority of the First Edition of the Sacred Books 207
Book 13, of the Septuagint Edition 224
Book 14, of the Vulgate Edition 242
Of the Interpretation of Scripture
Book 15, of Various Senses & the Perspicuity of Scripture 261
Book 16, of the Interpreters of Scripture 287
.
Locus 2, of God & the Worship of God
Part 1, of God
Book 1, of the Trinity 1
Book 2, of the Attributes of God: Omnipotence, Providence
. Contingency & Necessity 19
Book 3, of the Author of Sin 36
Of the Incarnation
Book 4, of the Person, Human Nature, Nativity, the Soul of Christ 55
Book 5, Of the Descent to Inferos & the Resurrection of Christ 74
Book 6, of the Body of Christ 100
Of the Office of Mediator
Book 7, of the Mediation according to the Natures & the Mediator
. for Whom? 121
Book 8, of the One Mediator 133
Of Ecumenicity
Book 9, Whether it is Anything? 146
Book 10, Catholic Arguments 171
Hypothesis 1
Book 11, of Peter the Apostle 192
Book 12, Papal Arguments 236
Hypothesis 2, of the Pope
Book 13, of the Authority of the Pope in the Church 251
Book 14, Catholic Arguments 287
Book 15, of the Authority of the Pope in the Republic 309
Book 16, of the Antichrist 318
Book 17, Papal Arguments 361
.
Part 2, Of Worship
Book 18, of the Calumnies of the Papists 378
Book 19, Inquiry 1, Whether Religious Worship is able to Consist with Creatures 391
Book 20, Inquiry 2, of the Invocation of the Saints; Inquiry 3, of Relics 401
Inquiry 4, of Images
Book 21, of Images of God & the Veneration of Images 413
Book 22, of the Cross & Images in Church Buildings 439
.
Of Man: Corrupt & Restored
Book 1, Inquiry 1, of Sin 1
Book 2, Question 2, of Free Choice, Human Choice & Controversy 1: the Power of Choice in Civil Things 9
Book 3, Controversy 2, of the Power of Choice unto Good, Theologically 20
Book 4, Catholic Arguments 42
Book 5, of the Original Sin of those born of the Faithful & of the Controversy about the Virgin Mary 55
Book 6, Question 3, of the Punishments of Sin, of the Punishment of Original Sin, & of Venial & Mortal Sin 79
Of the Restoration of Man, of the Chief Cause
Book 7, Of Predestination 98
Book 8, Of the Cause of Predestination & of the Cause of Reprobation 109
Of the Sub-alternate Cause of the Restoration by Christ
Book 9, Of the Merits of Christ by Compact & of the Efficacy of the Death of Christ 124
Of the Nature of the Restoration in Particular: of Sanctification & Justification
Book 10, Of Sanctification & Justification, & of Concupiscence 134
Book 11, of the Fulfillment of the Whole Law & of the Imperfection of Works 156
Of the Parts of Sanctification
Book 12, Of Faith, of the Knowledge of Faith, of the Tie of Faith & Works 183
Of the Object of Faith
Book 13, Of the Application of Justification, of the Certainty of Faith & of the Proper Faith of the Elect 197
Book 14, Of the Merit of Works 226
Book 15, Of the Necessity of Works, of Christian Liberty & of the Constitutions of the Church 252
Laws Concerning Marriages
Book 16, Of the Celibacy of Priests 271
Book 17, Papal Arguments 302
Book 18, Of the Grades of Impediments to Marriage, of Free-Persons & of Repudiations 324
Book 19, Laws of Fastings & of the Time of Fasting 350
Book 20, Of Vows, of Continency, of Councils 369
Part 2, of Justification
Book 21, What it is; Inquiry 1, of Inhering; of Imputation 418
Book 22, Of Faith Alone Justifying 455
Book 23, Of the Pardon of Punishments & Proper Satisfactions 478
Book 24, Of the Satisfactions of Others; Inquiry 1, Whether Some may Satisfy for Others; Inquiry 2, Of the Treasury of Indulgences 517
Book 25, Of the Effects of Restoration & the Limbo of the Fathers 545
Book 26, Of Purgatory 559
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Locus 4, Of the Sacraments
Book 1, Of the Sacraments in General 1
Book 2, Of the Efficacy of the Sacraments 25
Book 3, Of the Strength & Efficacy of the Old [Testament] Sacraments 54
Book 4, Of the Number of the Sacraments, of Confirmation, of Penance, of Extreme Unction, of Ordination, of Marriage 69
Book 5, Of Baptism 115
Book 6, Of the Eucharist & of the Elements 145
Book 7, Of the Adoration of the Eucharist 165
Book 8, Of Both Species: Catholic Arguments 197
Book 9, Papal Arguments 228
Of the Thing Signified
Book 10, Of the Enunciation of the Sacrament, & Firstly of the Boundaries [of the Words]; Then of the Interpretation of the Enunciation 253
Book 11, Of Corporal Chewing 289-332
.
vol. 5, Of the Church
Detailed Table of Contents
Subject Index
Scripture Index
Supplement to vol. 4
ch. 1, Of the Spiritual Presence of Christ in the Eucharist 1
Vol. 5, Of the Church
Bk. 1, Of the Nature & Privileges of the Church in this Earth 54
Bk. 2, Of the Notes of the Church 81
Bk. 3, Of Councils 117
Bk. 4, Of the Members of the Militant Church 151
Bk. 5, Of the Jurisdiction of the Militant Church, the Church
. Triumphant & the False Church 185
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Maresius, Samuel – A New Synopsis of Elenctic Theology, or an Index of the Controversies of Faith out of the Sacred Scriptures produced by the Jesuit Jacob Tirinus, & Augmented, Amended & Refuted by a Continuous Censure, vol. 1, 2 (1646-7)
“Another of the greatest names, in high renown for ability and Calvinistic orthodoxy, is that of Maresius (d. 1673). He has been called the Calvinistic Calovius [a Lutheran]. His life was a life of contest against the errors outside of Calvinism, and errors which tried to shelter themselves within it. His greatest work is in his reply to Tirinus, the Jesuit, who had added to his Commentary (1632) an ” Index of Controversies on Matters of Faith.” Maresius first gives Tirinus in full, in his own words, and then adds his own strictures.” – Krauth, a Lutheran, pp. 48-9
Clauberg, Johann & Martin Hund – Select Disputations, in which Controversies of Faith Against All Kinds of Adversaries (Principally the Socinians & Papists…) are Explicated (Duisberg, 1665)
Clauberg (1622-1665) was a German theologian and philosopher. Clauberg was the founding Rector of the first University of Duisburg, where he taught from 1655 to 1665. He is known as a ‘scholastic Cartesian’. Hund (1624-1666) was a professor of theology at Duisburg from 1655-†1666.
Table of Contents
Clauberg
Resurrection of the Flesh, 1-3 1
Trinity, 1-12 13
Hund
Word of God, 1-3 98
Power of the Word & Phrases of Sacred Scripture, 1-4 117
Consequences Deducted out of Sacred Scripture,1-11 145
Disputation on the Presupposition of Sacred Scripture 227
Clauberg
Of the Fundamental Truth of Faith, 1-12 242
Of the Novelty of Dogmas in Theology, 1-2 347
Of the End that Ought to be Aimed at in Theology 387
Of the Faith of Antichrist, 1-2 406
Clauberg
Of Oral Chewing, 1-6 424
Of the Multi-Presence of the Body of Christ, 1-3 452
Of the Nature of Liberty, 1-2 477
Of the Distinction of the Divine & Human Intellect 487
Hund
Of the Image of God, 1-7 491
Of the Election of Men to Salvation 530
Of the Testaments & Covenants of God 545
Of the Justification of Man Before God in All his Estate 550
.
.
.
“Because of the wrath of the Lord… everyone that goeth by Babylon shall be astonished and hiss at all her plagues. Put yourselves in array against Babylon round about: all ye that bend the bow, shoot at her, spare no arrows: for she hath sinned against the Lord.”
Jer. 50:13-14
“Come hither; I will shew unto thee… the great whore… with whom the kings of the earth have committed fornication, and the inhabitants of the earth have been made drunk with the wine of her fornication… and I saw a woman… full of names of blasphemy… and the woman was arrayed in purple and scarlet colour, and decked with gold and precious stones and pearls, having a golden cup in her hand full of abominations and filthiness of her fornication: and upon her forehead was a name written… The Mother Of Harlots And Abominations Of The Earth. And I saw the woman drunken with the blood of the saints, and with the blood of the martyrs of Jesus.”
Rev. 17:1-6
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